A review on the cell biology and toxicology within the correlation to a new achievement

Abstract

The mixing of cell biology within the toxicology reveals the potential impacts on the elements involving cellular structures, organelles, functioning characteristics, metabolic circles, signaling pathways, as well as interactions within the microenvironment. These mentioned elements are not only involving chemicals and drugs, but one should also put into consideration other factors like food, water, as well as the air we inhale. Therefore, a level of toxicology subspecialties have been developed and will be lately defined within the development of biotechnologies and the latent understanding of toxicogenomics and ecotoxicology or aquatic, chemical, clinical, environmental, forensic, medical, occupational, and regulatory toxicology. According to that, future issues of the journal will concentrate on both the clinical and translational work through an emphasis on the molecular in a cell biology, genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity, drug discovery and development, and molecular addition to the merger of cell biology and toxicology that enables a deeper insight of human regulation, cell type-specific function, and system biomedicine in drug discovery and development (1,2). It is well known and accepted that "adverse effects" or "toxic impacts" of elements from extracellular, intercellular, or intracellular resources contribute to the pathogeneses and exacerbations of diseases. Within the application of this process, we explore gene-and protein-based regulations by the usage of genomics and proteomics, functional genomics and proteomics, computational biology, and gene expression and function analysis.There is no doubt that the combination of cell biology and toxicology is a major and important approach to reveal multifactorial genetics and epigenetics of diseases to develop the strategy of precision medicine and disease-specific biomarkers to figure out the deterioration of the disease and efficiency of therapies, developmental biology, and system biology to understand multi-principles of element actions or bioinformatics-based data mining approaches to paint the full picture of the disease. Even though, there is a remarkable lack in our findings concerning the existence of the disease per se can reduce or increase the cell sensitivity and response to elements. As an example, astrocytes as central nervous system glial cells in the disease change their biological behaviors and functions, leading to the disorder of extracellular ion and neurotransmitter exchanges and dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (3). Pathological astrocytes will alter the diffusion speed of elements and reduce resistance of nervous cells, promoting and maintaining the "side effect."The impact of mixing the study of cell biology and toxicology to help in the identification of molecular targets during discovery and development of target-based drugs should be highly considered. Drug target identification and validation is considered to be one of the most important procedures during drug development and decides the processes of rational drug de...