A Review on the Beneficiation Methods of Borate Minerals

Abstract

The modern boron applications have adsorbed the mineral processors’ attention to improve typical boron mineral’s (BM) beneficiation methods. In this regard, dry treatment and pretreatment processes—such as magnetic separation and calcination as environmentally friendly methods, due to their minimal or zero adverse effect on the environment—need more consideration. Over the years, anionic flotation has become the main technique for beneficiation of friable BMs; however, there is a gap in the investigation of cationic flotation separation since BMs’ surface negatively charges in a wide pH range. At present, enriching BMs’ flotation via surface modification is taking center stage, which can also be considered for reprocessing long-forgotten BM tailings. As a comprehensive review, this work is going to provide a synopsis of the processes, techniques, optimum parameters, and conditions—such as size reduction, zeta potential, pH, and reagents—which have been employed in the processing of BMs. Gaps in our understanding of BM’s flotation are presented in the context of addressing the existing processes, considering possibilities and rooms for efficiency improvement. Considering these gaps may improve the performance of existing methods for processing fine and ultrafine BMs, and help in the development of new technologies to improve flotation recoveries.

Effect of coating with chitosan enriched with different borates on the shelf life of fish fillet

“…COL's divalent ion, the B 4 O 2 −7 anion, and the H + and OH − ions, which control the bicarbonate/carbonate ratio, are the constituent lattice members for Boron minerals (BMs) and determinants for ζ potency. 39 Chemical changes in cold-stored fillets In this study, the effect of Ch and boron derivatives on TVB-N, TBARS, and pH values of fillets stored in cold storage conditions for 15 days in treatment groups (enriched with different boron derivatives) was found to be significant (P < 0.05) (Table 3). When the TBARS values between applications were examined, all boron and/or Ch applications except for COLCh-L were lower than the control on the last day of storage.…”

“…COL's divalent ion, the B 4 O 2 −7 anion, and the H + and OH − ions, which control the bicarbonate/carbonate ratio, are the constituent lattice members for Boron minerals (BMs) and determinants for ζ potency 39 …”

Effect of Capping Agents on the Nanoscale Metal Borate Synthesis

“…Boron is a rare portion element of earth's crust, and it is generally found in nature as the complexes of oxygen (O), hydrogen (H) other metal atoms. More than 150 boron minerals have been identified until today [1,2]. Since including similar composition of most of the natural boron reserves (B, O, H, and metal atoms), "boron minerals" and "metal borates" might be considered synonymous words.…”

Separation Analysis of New Magnetic Separator for Pre-Concentration of Ilmenite Particles

“…Although the enhanced centrifugal force is beneficial to the recovery of fine-grained weak magnetic minerals, the tail throwing rate and the grade of the pre-concentration concentrate decrease. As a result, the rotation speed of the cylinder is often assured to be at a lower rotation speed in order to ensure the tailing rate of the pre-concentration and increase the pre-concentration grade [17][18][19].…”