A review on the applications of micro-/nano-encapsulated phase change material slurry in heat transfer and thermal storage systems

Ghoghaei, Mohammad Saeid; Mahmoudian, Ali; Mohammadi, Omid; Shafii, Mohammad Behshad; Mosleh, Hassan Jafari; Zandie, Mohammad; Ahmadi, Mohammad Hossein

doi:10.1007/s10973-020-09697-6

“…The main advantages of storage systems are extra power accumulation, increasing reliability, and reducing the WT and PV uncertainties 46,47 . These systems are the vital components of a microgrid that include renewable generators.…”

Section: Microgrid Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low‐carbon strategy using INVELOX turbines in the presence of real‐time energy price uncertainty

Jirdehi

¹

,

Shaterabadi

²

2021

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This paper provides innovation in wind turbine (WT) technology and its advantages in microgrid planning. The microgrid in this work includes various renewable and nonrenewable resources. The proposed low‐carbon strategy is implemented via two scenarios. In the first scenario, the uncertainty of selling and buying real‐time energy prices is investigated with and without the standard and portable (increased velocity) INVELOX turbines. In the second scenario, the authors study the operation of the microgrid assuming the buying price is higher or lower than the selling price for all time intervals, as well as the first scenario assumption. This article considers the total cost of microgrids and environmental pollution as objective functions. Finally, the environmental‐economic stochastic low‐carbon strategy is modeled via mixed‐integer linear programming; solving the problem using epsilon constraints and a fuzzy satisfying approach to select the best solution, respectively. By considering INVELOX WTs and portable INVELOX WTs, the cost reduction of the microgrid in the first and second scenarios is approximately 25%, and 64% higher than the conventional WTs, respectively. Additionally, a low‐carbon model is proposed by considering INVELOX and its efficiency is successfully shown. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The NEPCM suspensions are a new form of hybrid nanofluids. It has several heat transfer applications 1 , 2 . The convection of heat and fluid flow of NEPCM have been reported in wide theoretical studies such as enclosures 3 – 6 , divergent heatsink 7 , 8 , energy storage 9 , with fins 10 , and others 11 , 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dual-rotation on MHD natural convection of NEPCM in a hexagonal-shaped cavity based on time-fractional ISPH method

Raizah

¹

,

Aly

²

2021

Sci Rep

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The time-fractional derivative based on the Grunwald–Letnikove derivative of the 2D-ISPH method is applying to emulate the dual rotation on MHD natural convection in a hexagonal-shaped cavity suspended by nano-encapsulated phase change material (NEPCM). The dual rotation is performed between the inner fin and outer hexagonal-shaped cavity. The impacts of a fractional time derivative $$\alpha$$ α $$\left( {0.92 \le \alpha \le 1} \right)$$ 0.92 ≤ α ≤ 1 , Hartmann number Ha $$\left( {0 \le Ha \le 80} \right)$$ 0 ≤ H a ≤ 80 , fin length $$\left( {0.2 \le L_{Fin} \le 1} \right)$$ 0.2 ≤ L Fin ≤ 1 , Darcy parameter Da $$\left( {10^{ - 2} \le Da \le 10^{ - 4} } \right)$$ 10 - 2 ≤ D a ≤ 10 - 4 , Rayleigh number Ra $$\left( {10^{3} \le Ra \le 10^{6} } \right)$$ 10 3 ≤ R a ≤ 10 6 , fusion temperature $$\theta_{f}$$ θ f $$\left( {0.05 \le \theta_{f} \le 0.8} \right)$$ 0.05 ≤ θ f ≤ 0.8 , and solid volume fraction $$\varphi$$ φ $$\left( {0 \le \varphi \le 0.06} \right)$$ 0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.06 on the velocity field, isotherms, and mean Nusselt number $$\overline{Nu}$$ Nu ¯ are discussed. The outcomes signaled that a dual rotation of the inner fin and outer domain is affected by a time-fractional derivative. The inserted cool fin is functioning efficiently in the cooling process and adjusting the phase change zone within a hexagonal-shaped cavity. An increment in fin length augments the cooling process and changes the location of a phase change zone. A fusion temperature $$\theta_{f}$$ θ f adjusts the strength and position of a phase change zone. The highest values of $$\overline{Nu}$$ Nu ¯ are obtained when $$\alpha = 1$$ α = 1 . An expansion in Hartmann number $$Ha $$ Ha reduces the values of $$\overline{Nu}$$ Nu ¯ . Adding more concentration of nanoparticles is improving the values of $$\overline{Nu}$$ Nu ¯ .

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“…Although sensible heat plays the main role in the heat transfer of PHPs, its effect has not been investigated substantially. Due to the high latent heat of NPCMs, these materials could improve the effective specific heat of working fluid 33 . In other words, it seems that NPCM could prevent an increase in temperature of the base fluid by absorbing a portion of heat given to the fluid via changing the phase, thus, improve the effective specific heat of the working fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of utilizing nano‐encapsulated PCM along with RGO nanosheets in a pulsating heat pipe, a comparative study

Mohammadi

¹

,

Shafii

²

,

Shirin‐Abadi

³

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Summary Heat pipes are useful devices in heat transfer and particularly, in cooling systems. Given the high demand for cooling systems in various applications, an improvement in the performance of heat pipes has gained much attraction in recent years. In this study, the effects of utilizing working fluids with different thermal properties on the performance of pulsating heat pipes (PHP) are experimentally studied. Hence, nano‐encapsulated phase change material (NPCM), reduced graphene oxide nanosheets, and their mixture, as a novel hybrid nanofluid, are prepared and dispersed in water as a working fluid. NPCM at 3 concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 g/L, as well as nanosheets at three concentrations of 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 g/L, are synthesized and investigated. Moreover, both additives are mixed at five various concentrations to form a hybrid nanofluid. All experiments are conducted in the vertical orientation and filling ratio of 50%. It is found that due to the increase in viscosity with the increment of concentration, the highest concentration is not always the optimum concentration and the PHP's performance for each additive is optimized in a specific concentration. NPCMs could prevent the working fluid's temperature to rise by changing the phase, as a result, the effective specific heat of the working fluid is slightly augmented. Also, the thermal conductivity of the working fluid increased up to 13% using nanosheets. It is illustrated that using the mixture of nanosheets and NPCM leads to a 38% decline in thermal resistance. Meanwhile, it is found that the enhancement in the thermal performance of the PHP using nanofluids is not only purely due to the increase in thermal properties of nanofluids but also due to the increase in turbulence intensity and boiling nucleation sites created by the nanoparticles. Highlights Nano‐encapsulated phase change material (PCM), reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets, and their mixture are used as working fluid in a pulsating heat pipe (PHP). The thermal performance of PHP is improved using PCM nanocapsules, RGO nanosheets, and their mixture. Nanosheets have a higher impact on the performance of PHP compared with nano‐encapsulated PCM. The better performance of PHP using RGO nanosheets is due to the higher thermal conductivity and mixing of fluid containing them compared with pure water. The better performance of PHP using nanocapsules is attributed to the better mixing of the fluid.

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A review on the applications of micro-/nano-encapsulated phase change material slurry in heat transfer and thermal storage systems

Cited by 72 publications

References 108 publications

A low‐carbon strategy using INVELOX turbines in the presence of real‐time energy price uncertainty

A low‐carbon strategy using INVELOX turbines in the presence of real‐time energy price uncertainty

Effect of dual-rotation on MHD natural convection of NEPCM in a hexagonal-shaped cavity based on time-fractional ISPH method

The impacts of utilizing nano‐encapsulated PCM along with RGO nanosheets in a pulsating heat pipe, a comparative study

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