A Review on the Applicability of Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Technical and Environmental Properties of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Teixeira, Flávia da Silva Müller; Peres, Augusto Cesar de Carvalho; Gomes, Thiago Santiago; Visconte, Leila L. Y.; Pacheco, Élen Beatriz Acordi Vasques

doi:10.1007/s10924-020-01966-7

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…WEEE is made up of a variety of recyclable components such as iron and non-iron materials, glass, and plastics. Plastic parts make up 10-30% by weight of WEEE and are the second largest component after iron [158]. A variety of plastics are used for EEE, of which acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), and PS are the most commonly used polymers.…”

Section: Subcluster 2-1: Recycling Of Weeementioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Plastic Waste: A Systematic Review Using Bibliometric Analysis

Tsuchimoto

Kajikawa

2022

Sustainability

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Research into plastic recycling is rapidly increasing as ocean and land pollution and ecosystem degradation from plastic waste is becoming a serious concern. In this study, we conducted a systematic review on emerging research topics, which were selected from 35,519 studies on plastic recycling by bibliometrics analysis. Our results show that research on the biodegradability of plastics, bioplastics, life cycle assessment, recycling of electrical and electronic equipment waste, and the use of recycled plastics in construction has increased rapidly in recent years, particularly since 2016. Especially, biodegradability is the most emerging topic with the average year of publication being 2018. Our key finding is that many research area is led by developed countries, while the use of recycled plastics in the construction sector is being actively explored in developing countries. Based on our results, we discuss two types of recycling systems: responsible recycling in the country where plastic waste is generated and promoting recycling through the international division of labor between developed and developing countries. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches and propose necessary measures for sustainable and responsible production and consumption of plastics such as waste traceability system and technology transfer between developed and developing countries.

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Section: Subcluster 2-1: Recycling Of Weeementioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Plastic Waste: A Systematic Review Using Bibliometric Analysis

Tsuchimoto

Kajikawa

2022

Sustainability

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“…Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), as a plastic, is widely used in electronics, furniture, and construction industries. , Because decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) is a flame retardant, of which a high volume is added in multifarious plastics, especially ABS plastics, combined contamination of DBDPE and ABS plastics is common in soil environments. , On account of the fragmentation and weathering, the application of plastics caused frequent microplastics (MPs, plastic particles with a diameter < 5 mm) in industrial land and farmland, resulting in tremendous public concern. − Waste plastics constituted a significant proportion, ranging from 10% to 30%, of the total waste generated from electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) disposal . ABS was reported as the predominant composition of polymer identified in WEEE, representing more than 20% of total materials in a Finnish case study and approximately 45% of the polymer used in computer equipment. , The daily utilization of ABS-based keyboards, monitors, and other similar plastic enclosures poses ABS-MP exposure risks to human health. In addition, workers and nearby residents of WEEE dismantling facilities were subject to ABS-MPs through dust inhalation and skin contact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5−8 Waste plastics constituted a significant proportion, ranging from 10% to 30%, of the total waste generated from electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) disposal. 9 ABS was reported as the predominant composition of polymer identified in WEEE, 10 representing more than 20% of total materials in a Finnish case study and approximately 45% of the polymer used in computer equipment. 11,12 The daily utilization of ABS-based keyboards, monitors, and other similar plastic enclosures poses ABS-MP exposure risks to human health.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into Bioaccumulation of Decabromodiphenyl Ethane in Eisenia fetida Increased by Microplastics

Fu,

Tan,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The rise of electronics inevitably induced the co-pollution of novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) and microplastics (MPs). However, studies on how they interact to influence their bioavailability are scarce. Here, we explored the influence mechanism of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)-MPs on the bioaccumulation of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) in soil-earthworm microcosms. The influence exhibited a temporal pattern characterized by short-term inhibition and long-term promotion. After 28 days of exposure, DBDPE bioaccumulation in a co-exposure (10 mg kg–1 DBDPE accompanied by 1000 mg kg–1 ABS-MPs) was 2.61 times higher than that in a separate exposure. The adsorption process in the soil, intestines, and mucus introduced DBDPE-carried MPs, which had a higher concentration of DBDPE than the surrounding soil and directly affected the bioavailability of DBDPE. MP-pre-exposure (100, 1000, and 10000 mg kg–1) reduced epidermal soundness, mucus secretion, and worm cast production. This eventually promoted the contact between earthworm and soil particles and enhanced the DBDPE of earthworm tissue by 6%–61% in the next DBDPE-postexposure period, confirming that MPs increased DBDPE bioaccumulation indirectly by impairing the earthworm health. This study indicates that MPs promoted DBDPE bioaccumulation via adsorption and self-toxicity, providing new insight into the combined risk of MPs and NBFRs.

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“…ABS and PC are the main components in telephone handsets, keyboards, monitors, and computer housing, while PP is widely employed for the manufacturing of boxes and casings. Other polymers also vastly reported in the literature as part of e-waste plastics, such as polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride [1,19,20], were found in lower quantities and their recyclability was not investigated. The research objectives that helped to elucidate the best route for the valorization of the e-waste plastics were: (a) to find out synergistic approaches to combining these materials, (b) to define the specifications of the equipment required for the processing, and (c) to identify the best component that can be replicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfactory Design for Valorization of E-Waste Plastics (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene, Polycarbonate, and Polypropylene) on Additive Manufacturing Sector

Abelenda

Aiouache

2023

Recycling

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Less than half of e-waste plastics are sorted worldwide, and this rate is likely to decline as major processing countries have banned importation of e-waste plastics. This forces the development of decentralized processing facilities, also known as microfactories. The present work investigates the recyclability of different grades of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer, polycarbonate, and polypropylene, which were found to be very abundant in a recycling site in the UK. The determination of the matrix relied on the resin identification codes imprinted in the e-waste plastics and subsequent Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Melt-blend extrusion technology enabled the valorization of the wasted thermoplastics as 3D filament without significant degradation of the polymers. The recycled materials maintained the tensile strength at around 2.5 MPa in agreement with the specifications offered by virgin polymers. Further characterization was done by means of laser microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray fluorescence to determine the commercial viability of the recycled filament. A modified solvent-based method was developed with acetone to remove the brominated flame retardants: 25 g/100 mL, 30 min of contact time, and 4 extraction steps. The FTIR results show that the degradation of the rubbery dispersed phase corresponding to the butadiene can be accumulated in the less soluble fraction of the extracted ABS.

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A Review on the Applicability of Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate the Technical and Environmental Properties of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Cited by 24 publications

References 64 publications

Recycling of Plastic Waste: A Systematic Review Using Bibliometric Analysis

Recycling of Plastic Waste: A Systematic Review Using Bibliometric Analysis

Insight into Bioaccumulation of Decabromodiphenyl Ethane in Eisenia fetida Increased by Microplastics

Microfactory Design for Valorization of E-Waste Plastics (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene, Polycarbonate, and Polypropylene) on Additive Manufacturing Sector

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