A Review on “Skin Boosters”: Hyaluronic Acid, Poly-L-lactic Acid and Pol-D-lactic Acid, Polydeoxyribonucleotide, Polynucleotides, Growth Factor, and Exosome

Abstract

The term "skin booster" was introduced in 2015 to describe the use of "Restylane Vital" and "Vital Light" hyaluronic acid filler products to improve skin aging and reduce wrinkles by supplying hyaluronic acid filler to the dermis. Previously, hyaluronic acid fillers were mainly used to increase skin volume. Skin boosters are a range of ingredients used to improve dermal conditions. Although Restylane Skinboosters such as "Restylane Vital" and "Vital Light" are registered trademarks, the term "skin booster" is now commonly used by the public, just as "Botox" is used for botulinum toxin produced by Allergan. The article discusses representative skin booster ingredients, but there is no clear definition of the term. The authors believe that skin boosters include various ingredients used to improve the extracellular matrix of the dermis to enhance the skin's condition. It is important to note that products approved as cosmetics in Korea but delivered through injection to the dermal layer or below violate medical law. Therefore, caution should be exercised when selecting products. This article focuses on introducing five main ingredients that have recently become issues: hyaluronic acid, polydeoxyribonucleotide, polynucleotide, oligonucleotide, and amino acids. The article discusses provided unbiased descriptions of their clinical experiences to help readers make informed choices. In the article it is not promoted with specific products for profit, and the product evaluation is based purely on clinical experience. In conclusion, skin boosters are a range of ingredients that improve the dermal condition of the skin, and this article provides information on popular ingredients to help readers choose the right products.

Investigating the Mechanisms of Intradermal Injection for Easier “Skin Booster” Treatment: A Fluid Mechanics Approach to Determine Optimal Delivery Method

“…Unlike fillers, skin boosters are not used to maintain the structure after injection, but to ensure that the active ingredients are sufficiently absorbed into the skin. 4 Lowering viscosity may be advantageous in such cases. Even if viscosity is a crucial factor in representing the product's effectiveness, this study proposes more effective injection methods instead of reducing viscosity.…”

“…3 Coined by Restylane (Q-Med AB, Uppsala, Sweden) in 2015, the term encompasses ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, polydeoxyribonucleotide, oligonucleotide and amino acids, enhancing skin hydration, and texture. 4 Skin boosters, injected directly into the skin, surpass topical products in delivering active ingredients to the dermis. Precision is crucial to prevent wastage or unintended subcutaneous injection, given the dermal layer's higher density.…”

“…Rejuvenating layers above the skeleton involves interventions like radiofrequency, ultrasound, botulinum toxin, fillers, and “skin boosters.” 3 Coined by Restylane (Q-Med AB, Uppsala, Sweden) in 2015, the term encompasses ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, polydeoxyribonucleotide, oligonucleotide and amino acids, enhancing skin hydration, and texture. 4…”

Observation on cadavers and through ultrasonography using a 2 mm needle length for intradermal injections

“…Initially, skin boosters were developed using hyaluronic acid fillers with minimal crosslinking agents, specifically butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE), to enhance the skin's moisture levels. Since their inception, various skin booster products with diverse functions have been introduced to address and enhance different skin conditions 1 . Due to the assertions made by many skin booster products, which include claims of skin regeneration, increased collagen production, improved elasticity, enhanced moisture, and whitening capabilities, the majority of these products are designed to target the dermal level of the skin.…”

“…Since their inception, various skin booster products with diverse functions have been introduced to address and enhance different skin conditions. 1 Due to the assertions made by many skin booster products, which Kyu-Ho Yi and Brian Lee contributed equally.…”