A Review on Sediment Erosion Challenges in Hydraulic Turbines

Chitrakar, Sailesh; Neopane, Hari Prasad; Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar

doi:10.5772/intechopen.70468

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The single GV rig was also used to test GVs with different profiles, both numerically (Chitrakar,Thapa,Figure 5. Concept of leakage flow through the clearance gap of GVs (Chitrakar, Neopane, & Dahlhaug, 2018). et al, 2017) and experimentally .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical investigation of the effect of leakage flow through erosion-induced clearance gaps of guide vanes on the performance of Francis turbines

Chitrakar

Dahlhaug

Neopane

2018

Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Neopane (2018) Numerical investigation of the effect of leakage flow through erosion-induced clearance gaps of guide vanes on the performance of Francis turbines, Engineering Applications of Computational

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of the effect of leakage flow through erosion-induced clearance gaps of guide vanes on the performance of Francis turbines

Chitrakar

Dahlhaug

Neopane

2018

Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics

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“…There are many studies on the mechanics of how sediment induces erosion on turbines [10,11]. The erosion in Pelton turbines is a peculiar phenomenon that combines several factors [12].…”

Section: Erosion On Pelton Turbinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on erosion phenomenon, maintenance, and financial calculation of lifetime as an asset for Pelton turbines

Abregu,

Acharya,

Solemslie

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Prevention of greenhouse emissions is the top priority for all countries, which urges them to switch to renewable energy as much as possible. Hydropower is one of the renewables that have high flexibility and at the same time compatibility to be used with any other renewable sources. Moreover, hydropower plants operating in the Himalayas, Andes, and Alps are facing operational challenges due to the high concentration of sediment loads in rivers. Although the arrangement of traditional sediment control mechanisms like dams and sand traps, the erosion tendency of hydro-turbine components operating in this sediment-laden water increases with the increased concentration of sediments. Much past research has been directed towards understanding sediment behaviors, investigation of flow, and effect of concentration, shape, and size, especially with Francis turbines. However, there are very fewer studies regarding sediment erosion and flow behavior in the case of the Pelton turbine. Hence, delving deeper into the flow characteristics, sediment behavior, and performance of the Pelton turbine is important to better understand the flow and sediment pattern of these types of turbines. The paper consists of the evaluation of studies conducted on the flow pattern in the Pelton turbine buckets and its validation with the numerical analysis models using image processing. It is being used in the Waterpower Laboratory at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU. This paper also evaluates the scope of investigations about erosion by sediments in Pelton buckets using image analysis and state-of-the-art technology in the hydropower sector. In addition, a review is done about the predictability of erosion based on the measurements of the quantity of sediments that passes through the turbine. This research paper can build a background for quantifying sediment erosion in Pelton turbines with a certain degree of error, which can be utilized as a reference in future studies. The life cycle estimation of a turbine is also analyzed with the consideration of its location and financial return requirements together with the type of maintenance that it may have and the repair that is foreseen, in the case of a non-coated surface.

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“…2b), the predominant granulometric fractions are silt and clay, but in the wet season (December-June), there is an increase in the average fraction of sand and a decrease in (Mendes et al 2019). According to Chitrakar et al (2018), during the design phase of hydropower plants, abrasion by sandy sediments in turbines should be considered since the efficiency and useful life of these equipment are compromised by surface mechanical wear. In addition, sandy sediments increase dredging costs and decrease the useful volume of the reservoir.…”

Section: Application Of the Eip In Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impact index for tidal power plants in amazon region coast

Progênio

Blanco

Cruz

et al. 2020

Environ Dev Sustain

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In some coastal areas, tidal ranges represent an important energy potential. This energy is harnessed through tidal power plants (TPPs), which cause environmental impacts during the construction and operation phases. The objective is to propose an environmental impact potential (EIP) index to be used as a tool to select suitable areas for the installation of TPPs. The EIP is based on a combination of geographic information systems and multicriteria analysis, which take into account the degrees of vulnerability of the following environmental variables: land use, geomorphology, geology, slope, pedology and vegetation. The results showed that the EIP values in most areas of the Amazon region coast decrease from north to south, and 15% of the areas had low EIP values because they are farther from estuaries, which are technically better for the implementation of TPPs. In the rest of the region, 82% of the areas have average EIP values, and 3% have high EIP values. These areas are near the mouth and are more susceptible to erosion and flooding. In this case, the environmental impact is greater in relation to those of areas with the greatest river influence. Thus, from an environmental point of view, the EIP index has proven to be a preliminary and simple application assessment tool for choosing the best area for TPP installation for the sustainable use of natural resources.

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A Review on Sediment Erosion Challenges in Hydraulic Turbines

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Numerical investigation of the effect of leakage flow through erosion-induced clearance gaps of guide vanes on the performance of Francis turbines

Numerical investigation of the effect of leakage flow through erosion-induced clearance gaps of guide vanes on the performance of Francis turbines

Review on erosion phenomenon, maintenance, and financial calculation of lifetime as an asset for Pelton turbines

Environmental impact index for tidal power plants in amazon region coast

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