A Review on Response Mechanism of Plants to Drought Stress

Abstract

With the global climate anomalies and the destruction of ecological balance, water shortage has become a serious ecological problem facing all mankind, and drought has become a key factor restricting the development of agricultural production. Therefore, it is essential to study the drought tolerance of crops. On the basis of previous studies, we reviewed the effects of drought stress on plant morphology and physiology, including the changes of external morphology and internal structure of root, stem and leaf, the effects of drought stress on osmotic regulation sub-stances, drought-induced proteins and active oxygen metabolism of plants. In this paper, the main drought stress signals and signal transduction pathways in plants are described, and the functional genes and regulatory genes related to drought stress are listed respectively. We summarize the above aspects in order to provide valuable background knowledge and theoret-ical basis for future agriculture and forestry breeding and cultivation.

Comparative adaptability assessment of bread wheat and synthetic hexaploid genotypes under saline conditions using physiological, biochemical, and genetic indices

“…Moreover, lipid-peroxidation and protein-degradation caused by salinity stress deteriorate the structural integrity of the membrane and increase the generation of ROS, which disrupt membrane fluidity and cause high electrolyte leakage ( Sachdev et al., 2021 ). In addition, abiotic stress like salinity alters the osmotic potential and water balance of plants, interfering with a number of exchange processes like transpiration (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) ( Yang et al., 2021 ). Accordingly, the present study found a considerable decrease in CMSP, Pn, Gs, Tr, and chlorophyll under saline condition; however, the SHs (SH1-SH4) illustrated comparatively less decrease in these traits that is an indicator of their higher physiological tolerance ( Figure 2 ).…”

Antimicrobial Effect of Basil Leaf Extract (Ocimum sanctum L.) to Preserve the Quality of Wet Noodles

“…The chlorophyll of content basil leaf (O. sanctum) was low at the young stage (22 SPAD unit) and achieved its highest content at the mature stage (35 SPAD unit) where the leaf colour was light green to mature leaf with the highest chlorophyll content with the dark green of coloration 19 . In addition, the thickness and drought condition of leaves affected the degradation of chlorophyll content after harvest, the thicker the leaves, the harder to be degraded 20 . These reasons may be the factor that affected the changes in brown colour in wet noodles treated with basil leaf extract.…”

Gene coexpression analysis identifies genes associated with chlorophyll content and relative water content in pearl millet

“…(26) The functioning of the ribosome during stress is crucial for the timely synthesis of stress-responsive proteins. (27,28)Different stress and defense-related pathways get deactivated upon ribosomal impairment (29). This crosstalk between ribosome and stress-responsive protein serves as a novel approach to studying stress-tolerant plants.…”