A Review on Protocatechuic Acid and Its Pharmacological Potential

Kakkar, Sahil; Bais, Souravh

doi:10.1155/2014/952943

Cited by 511 publications

(381 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Chemical methods include either water or acid degumming and alkali refining, while the physical process involves "steam distillation". (Kakkar and Bais, 2014). It is also found in common fruits and vegetables, such as blackberries, blackcurrant, cauliflower and lentils (Masella et al, 2012).…”

Section: Rapeseed Meal and Oil Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinapinic and protocatechuic acids found in rapeseed: isolation, characterisation and potential benefits for human health as functional food ingredients

Quinn

Gray

Meaney³

et al. 2017

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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Rapeseed is one of the world’s major oilseeds, and rapeseed oil is produced by pressing of the seeds. This process results in the production of a low-economic-value by-product, rapeseed meal, which is commonly used as animal feed. Rapeseed meal is rich in bioactive phenolic compounds, including sinapinic acid (SA) and protocatechuic acid (PCA). Isolation of these bioactive compounds from a by-product of rapeseed oil production is largely in agreement with the current concept of the circular economy and total utilisation of crop harvest using a biorefinery approach. In this review, current information concerning traditional and novel methods to isolate phenolic compounds – including SA and PCA – from rapeseed meal, along with in vitro and in vivo studies concerning the bioactivity of SA and PCA and their associated health effects, is collated. These health effects include anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetes activities, along with histone deacetylase inhibition and protective cardiovascular, neurological and hepatic effects. The traditional extraction methods include use of solvents and/or enzymes. However, a need for simpler, more efficient methodologies has led to the development of novel extraction processes, including microwave-assisted, ultrasound-assisted, pulsed electric field and high-voltage electrical discharge extraction processes.

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Section: Rapeseed Meal and Oil Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinapinic and protocatechuic acids found in rapeseed: isolation, characterisation and potential benefits for human health as functional food ingredients

Quinn

Gray

Meaney³

et al. 2017

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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“…anticancer, antiulcer, antiaging, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic properties [33].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical uptake following human consumption of Montmorency tart cherry (L. Prunus cerasus) and influence of phenolic acids on vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro

et al. 2015

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“…Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a natural bioactive phenolic compound which is widely distributed and present in tasty plants used traditionally. 2 It has been investigated that PCA has various biological effects. It is well anti-oxidant, antibacterial, anticancer agent and it has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, neurological and cardiac activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Involvement of NO–cGMP–ATP Sensitive K+ Channels Pathway in Protocatechuic Acid Peripheral Analgesia

Bektaş¹,

Arslan²

2017

IJPER

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Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a widely distributed natural bioactive phenolic acid. The various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities have been identified. However, the studies focused on the analgesic effect of protocatechuic acid are limited and the action mechanisms of PCA still remain unclear. The NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K + channels pathway is one of the mechanism of action for various analgesic drugs. The present study was conducted to investigate the involvement of NO-cGMP-ATP sensitive K + channels pathway in analgesic effect of p.o. administration of 300 mg/kg protocatechuic acid in acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice. It was shown that pre-treatment with glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, i.p.), an ATPsensitive K + channel blocker, and methylene blue (20 mg/kg, i.p.), a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, did not notably change antinociception produced by 300 mg/kg protocatechuic acid, however administration of nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10 mg/kg, i.p.), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, significantly reversed protocatechuic acid antinociception. The results show that the peripheral mechanism of action of protocatechuic acid-induced antinociception involved another nitric oxide related pain pathway, not NO-cGMP-ATP sensitive K + channels pathway.

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A Review on Protocatechuic Acid and Its Pharmacological Potential

Cited by 511 publications

References 28 publications

Sinapinic and protocatechuic acids found in rapeseed: isolation, characterisation and potential benefits for human health as functional food ingredients

Sinapinic and protocatechuic acids found in rapeseed: isolation, characterisation and potential benefits for human health as functional food ingredients

Phytochemical uptake following human consumption of Montmorency tart cherry (L. Prunus cerasus) and influence of phenolic acids on vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro

The Involvement of NO–cGMP–ATP Sensitive K+ Channels Pathway in Protocatechuic Acid Peripheral Analgesia

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