“…According to the USDA survey report released in 2021, to prepare for the planting of summer cash crops, most winter cover crops are terminated with herbicide or tillage, but also can be grazed or harvested as hay, silage, or for other applications [1,12,[15][16][17][18]. Cover crop biomass can contribute to energy production by producing biogas, syngas, bio-oil, and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) [19]. Several cover 2 of 13 crops, such as cereal rye, carinata, camelina, rapeseed, and pennycress, have been tested for bioenergy production potential [19][20][21].…”