A review on Pitot tube icing in aeronautics: Research- design and characterization – future trends

Jäckel, R.; Gutiérrez-Urueta, G.; Tapia, Fidencio

doi:10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2021.102033

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In view of the aforementioned range of tasks, which also includes flights under difficult meteorological conditions, this can significantly impair flight operations and reduce the usefulness of the UAS. In the case of manned aviation, icing of pitotstatic systems is known and various measures exist to prevent this [2,3]. In contrast, malfunctions caused by rain are of lesser concern in manned aviation systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Influence of Rain on Pitot-Static Measuring Systems of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Tilmans,

Jackisch,

Moormann

2024

Preprint

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For unmanned aerial systems with a maximum take-off mass of up to 25 kg, simple pitot-static tubes are predominantly used to measure the aerodynamic speed. In this work, the influence of rain on this measurement is investigated using representative pitot-tubes of different diameters. In wind tunnel tests, water droplets with a diameter of about 3 mm are generated at a flow velocity of 10 m/s, which hit the pitot-tubes at the total pressure bore. The observed disturbances sometimes last several hours and are equivalent to a total failure of the measuring system during flight operations. Phenomena are identified that influence the measurement of dynamic pressure in rain. It can be shown that both capillarity and the momentum of the raindrops play a decisive role in the type, severity and duration of the disturbance due to their relative movement to the tube. The further course of the disturbance is also influenced by the evaporation of liquid, both on and in the tube. In flight tests under rain conditions, the findings of the wind tunnel tests were qualitatively confirmed and additional disturbance patterns were observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Influence of Rain on Pitot-Static Measuring Systems of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Tilmans,

Jackisch,

Moormann

2024

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, the formation of ice on external sensors such as pitot tubes is particularly dangerous as it can affect the accuracy of measurements. The formation of ice on pitot tubes has led to a series of high profile and even catastrophic accidents [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation of Ice Formation on a Wing with Leading-Edge Tubercles

Morelli

Beretta

Guardone

et al. 2023

Journal of Aircraft

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“…At this stage, the method of periodic replacement is used, which has the disadvantage of either wasting life to raise the cost or failing early to affect safe operation. Also, the conclusion is reinforced by the fact of air crashes that even a short error in the instructions of the PT can result in fatal consequences 3 . Therefore, it is necessary to study the indicators that characterize the operating conditions of the equipment and to obtain more accurate life prediction results based on them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the conclusion is reinforced by the fact of air crashes that even a short error in the instructions of the PT can result in fatal consequences. 3 Therefore, it is necessary to study the indicators that characterize the operating conditions of the equipment and to obtain more accurate life prediction results based on them. During the design and application process, the product is constantly affected by its external climate and mechanical environment, which are called environmental influences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cumulative exposure model for remaining useful life prediction of pitot tube based on dynamic operating data

Wang

Sun

Chen

et al. 2023

Quality & Reliability Eng

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The data measured by the pitot tube (PT) is related to airspeed indication and flight safety. However, there are few methods to solve the problem of failure prediction and predictive maintenance of PT. This study proposes a method for predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of the PT based on dynamic operating data. First, an exposure index (EI) characterizing the severity level of operating conditions is proposed based on multiple dynamic operating and environmental parameters, then a cumulative exposure model (CEM) is developed to calculate the cumulative exposure. Dynamic covariate information is incorporated into the time-to-failure distribution of PT through the CEM, the RUL distribution of the individual PT is then obtained by Monte Carlo simulation. A case study is carried out based on actual data of a commercial aircraft fleet and shows that the proposed CEM can effectively use historical aircraft environmental information and truncated failure data of the components. The relative error of the remaining life prediction is substantially improved compared to the traditional reliability analysis methods, which means that the proposed model can provide more reliable RUL results based on historical operating conditions, providing better support for PT risk assessment and condition-based maintenance decisions.

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A review on Pitot tube icing in aeronautics: Research- design and characterization – future trends

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Investigation of the Influence of Rain on Pitot-Static Measuring Systems of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Investigation of the Influence of Rain on Pitot-Static Measuring Systems of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Numerical Investigation of Ice Formation on a Wing with Leading-Edge Tubercles

A cumulative exposure model for remaining useful life prediction of pitot tube based on dynamic operating data

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