A review on phytotoxicity and defense mechanism of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on plants

Masurkar, Prahlad; Sravani, Bana; Bag, Dipanjali; Sharma, Kanika; Singh, Prashant Kumar; Korra, Tulasi; Meena, Mukesh; Swapnil, Prashant; Rajput, Vishnu D.; Minkina, Tatiana

doi:10.1007/s11051-023-05708-3

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 159 publications

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“…Badr et al (2021) and Ahmed et al (2018) reported that AgNPs adversely affected many plants, such as reduced growth, decreased seed germination, increased chromosomal aberrations, and oxidative damage. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the outcomes of AgNPs toxicity in plants, and to cope with this stress, antioxidant enzymes such as CAT, SOD, and APX can play an important role in detoxifying and protecting plant tissues (Kumar et al 2023). On the other hand, Guzmán-Báez et al (2021) and Ejaz et al (2018) have reported positive effects of AgNPs on tomato and rice plants such as increased plant biomass by activating the expression of genes encoding water channels, heat shock protein, and antioxidant genes, which are stress-related genes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and molecular responses of basil (Ocimum basilicum) to silver stress: a comparison between silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate treatments

Zareei,

Abbaspour,

Peyvandi

et al. 2024

Biologia

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With the extensive utilization of nanotechnology, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are prevalent nanomaterials that may entail ecological risks by their potential translocation into plant systems. The present study investigated the physiological and molecular responses of basil seedlings (Ocimum basilicum) subjected to AgNPs or silver nitrate (AgNO3) for 7 days. The seedlings were treated with 0, 4, 10, or 40 mg/L of AgNO3 or AgNPs in Hoagland's solution. Both treatments resulted in signi cant accumulation of Ag in the roots and shoots, with higher levels in the roots of AgNO3-treated seedlings. AgNPs increased plant biomass at 4 mg/L, while AgNO3 decreased it at all concentrations. Both treatments reduced the total chlorophyll, carotenoids, and carbohydrates, with more pronounced effects in AgNO3-treated seedlings. Both treatments also induced oxidative stress, as indicated by increased levels of H2O2, MD, and proline, and enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and APX. However, these responses were more evident in AgNO3-treated seedlings, especially at higher concentrations. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that both treatments induced the upregulation of genes encoding oxidative stress tolerance-related enzymes, such as FSD1, MSD1, CSD1, CATa, CATb, APXa and APXb, in the basil seedling shoots. These results suggest that AgNPs are less toxic to basil plants than AgNO3 and that basil plants can activate physiological and molecular mechanisms to cope with Ag-induced oxidative stress.

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