A Review on Pharmaceutical Waste Pollution in Water: Extent, Management and Removal Strategies

Abstract

Pharmaceutical waste and presence of hazardous pollutants in them is a growing concern due to their fate, origin, higher rate of utilization and varying nature of active ingredients resulting in water contamination. However, there is few research on the graving nature of the problem. Cascading impacts on human and ecosystems can be expected from contaminated groundwater and other aquatic channels. While, various technologies used and studied for the removal/reduction/sedimentation of pharmaceutical pollutants. At the initial stages, level of toxicity should check with respect to flora, fauna, environment, and human health. Furthermore, the production of by-products from pharmaceutical pollutants should also be checked and regulated. These by-products can be much more toxic, than the original contaminants and can exert significant toxic effects. It was concluded that there should be ongoing efforts to reduce the cost associated with pharmaceutical waste and their pollutants removal processes to ensure sustainability in the environment and human being. Keywords: nanoparticles, oxidation, pharmaceutical pollution, radiation, sustainable environment, toxicity

Facile development of copper ferrite nanospheres for UV light-driven photocatalytic degradation of cloxacillin sodium

“…The dissolving of waste materials in water bodies is very dangerous and toxic for human health. 4 Many pollutants, including primary and secondary, can cause water pollution. 5 Industrial waste is now dumped into water faster because of urbanization.…”