A Review on Ocular Biomechanic Models for Assessing Visual Fatigue in Virtual Reality

P‐33: Effects of Luminance, Contrast and Saturation of HDR QLED Display on Visual System Based on Eye Movement

“…The corresponding results of Tukey HSD post-hoc analysis were presented in Table 4, where underlined items were concluded with the same group. When luminance level increased, pupil diameter decreased significantly to reduce the amount of light entering eyes [15]. At the same time, eye muscles controlling pupil contractions were burdened and fatigued, which resulted in reduced blink frequency [8].…”

“…The saturation had significant effects only on saccadic peak velocity, average velocity and average acceleration. Distinct from luminance and contrast, color was associated with object recognition in high-level vision [7,15,19,20]. It had been found that neurons in the frontal eye field (FEF) were considered to select special color signal from extrastriate visual cortex, and generate or suppress saccades with electrical stimulation [25].…”

Beyond Feeling Sick: The Visual and Cognitive Aftereffects of Virtual Reality

“…Other explanations of cognitive aftereffects pertain to attentional resources being diverted to address the visual-vestibular conflicts of VR experiences (15). Visual fatigue has also been hypothesised as a potential driver of decreased cognitive performance (7). Considering these different viewpoints on cognitive aftereffects, it seems that identifying whether decreased cognitive performance on a reaction time task is attributed to motor or cognitive changes will be a valuable insight for future research.…”

“…Visual fatigue, however, is primarily captured through selfreported symptoms of tiredness, visual disturbances or discomfort (2,5,6), it is uncertain what visual fatigue after VR really is. Objective measures of visual fatigue in the vision literature are somewhat elusive, particularly because there is no agreed upon definition of visual fatigue across disciplines (4,7). Outside of the VR literature, studies that have attempted to link eye-movements and selfreport measures of visual fatigue, have either been unable to do so or not found any consistent relationship (8,9).…”

“…a relationship between reduced alertness with a decrease in saccadic velocity (10). If self-report symptoms of visual fatigue after VR-exposure are linked to alertness instead of symptoms of visual dysfunction then it is possible that visual fatigue after VR has cognitive origins (7). The literature on cognitive aftereffects from VR is sparse and inconsistent, thus it is challenging to pinpoint what aspects of cognitive performance is affected.…”