A Review on Nano-Scale Precipitation in Steels

Kong, H.J.; Liu, Chang

doi:10.3390/technologies6010036

Cited by 51 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Nanoparticle-enhanced alloy processing has the potential to impact the highest production volume family of alloys: steels. 18 Low-carbon advanced nanostructured steels can serve various structural engineering applications, from bridges, automobiles to stress-critical applications such as reactor pressure vessels in nuclear power stations. Since steels are among the lowest cost of all alloys, the economics of adding particles is critically important.…”

Section: Incorporating Nanoparticles In Metals/alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercialization of bulk nanostructured metals and alloys

Lowe

Valiev

et al. 2021

MRS Bulletin

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Almost 30 years of research elucidating the mechanisms and reproducibility of nanostructuring has enabled the progressive emergence of reliable methods to manufacture bulk nanostructured metallic materials with superior properties. This article reviews examples of the use of nanostructured metals in engineered products that are currently commercially available, or will soon become available for specific biomedical, aerospace, electronics, and energy industry applications. The examples illustrate how the making and marketing of nanostructured materials follow similar development stages as other new advanced materials, but with additional challenges at each stage. Challenges include the difficulties of scaleup, intricacies of nanoscale characterization, the lack of consensus standards for product quality, competition with long-established conventional materials, regulatory hurdles associated with nanoscale technology, and consumer/user education on the virtues and limitations of nanostructuring. Finally, we discuss how the experiences to date with nanostructuring by various methods have established precedents that can guide manufacturing process development for advanced nanostructured metal and alloy applications.

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Section: Incorporating Nanoparticles In Metals/alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercialization of bulk nanostructured metals and alloys

Lowe

Valiev

et al. 2021

MRS Bulletin

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“…way will be the design of steel chemistry so that a soft austenite phase exists, but at the expense of the steel strength generally [65,81,[119][120][121][122][123]. Steels with ultrafine grains are also expected to demonstrate improved toughness as the dislocation pile-up and crack propagation become more difficult, in addition to the reduced segregation of embrittling elements at grain boundaries [124][125][126][127].…”

Section: Current Limitation and Future Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-carbon advanced nanostructured steels: Microstructure, mechanical properties, and applications

Kong

Jiao

et al. 2021

Sci. China Mater.

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Low-carbon advanced nanostructured steels have been developed for various structural engineering applications, including bridges, automobiles, and other strength-critical applications such as the reactor pressure vessels in nuclear power stations. The mechanical performances and applications of these steels are strongly dependent on their microstructural features. By controlling the size, number density, distribution, and types of precipitates, it is possible to produce nanostructured steels with a tensile strength reaching as high as 2 GPa while keeping a decent tensile elongation above 10% and a reduction of area as high as 40%. Besides, through a careful control of strength contributions from multiple strengthening mechanisms, the nanostructured steels with superior strengths and low-temperature impact toughness can be obtained by avoiding the temper embrittlement regime. With appropriate Mn additions, these nanostructured steels can achieve a triple enhancement in ductility (total tensile elongation, TE of~30%) at no expense of strengths (yield strength, YS of~1100 to 1300 MPa, ultimate tensile strength, UTS of~1300 to 1400 MPa). More importantly, these steels demonstrate good fabricability and weldability. In this paper, the microstructure-property relationships of these advanced nanostructured steels are comprehensively reviewed. In addition, the current limitations and future development of these nanostructured steels are carefully discussed and outlined.

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“…The alloying of Cu and Ni [17] has been proven an effective approach to increase the strength of ferritic steel and MMnS via the co-precipitation of B2-NiAl and BCC-Cu nano-precipitates [18]. These nano-precipitates were derived during tempering at 450-550 • C [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the Austenite Fraction of a Cu and Ni Containing Medium-Mn Steel via Warm Rolling

Shen

et al. 2021

Metals

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Developing medium-Mn steels (MMnS) demands a better understanding of the microstructure evolution during thermo-mechanical treatments (TMTs). This study demonstrates the relationship among processing, microstructure, and mechanical properties of a warm-rolled medium-Mn steel (MMnS) containing 1.5 wt. % Cu and 1.5 wt. % Ni. After short-time warm rolling (WR) in an intercritical temperature range, a significant quantity (40.6 vol.%) of austenite was reverted and retained after air cooling. The microstructure and tensile properties of the WR specimens were compared with two typical process routes, namely hot rolling+ cold rolling+ annealing+ tempering (CRAT) and warm rolling+ annealing+ tempering (WRAT). The WR specimen exhibited comparable tensile properties with the CRAT specimens (967 MPa yield strength, 1155 MPa tensile strength, 23% total elongation), with a remarkably shortened process route, which was derived from the dislocation accumulation and austenite reversion during rolling. The WR route stands out among the traditional CRAT and the extended WRAT routes for its excellent tensile properties and compact processing route.

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A Review on Nano-Scale Precipitation in Steels

Cited by 51 publications

References 72 publications

Commercialization of bulk nanostructured metals and alloys

Commercialization of bulk nanostructured metals and alloys

Low-carbon advanced nanostructured steels: Microstructure, mechanical properties, and applications

Tailoring the Austenite Fraction of a Cu and Ni Containing Medium-Mn Steel via Warm Rolling

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