A review on multifaceted approaches for effective control of mosquitoes: From conventional and biological to phytochemical methods

Abstract

The continuous spreading of mosquitoes is affecting human health and causing viral and protozoan diseases. The seasonal or perennial appearance known as re-emergence of vector borne diseases are the key for facing of life dangerous diseases and global public health. Among these vector borne diseases; the mosquito borne diseases sharing major part in human health consequences. The mosquitoes are transmitting diseases in more than 700 million human annually. Therefore, it is imperative to deliver the effective management techniques of mosquitoes to the society and make them aware; thereby the mosquitoes borne diseases can be reduced significantly. In the present review report authors summarised most of the conventional and biological methods along with the most important eco-friendly and phytochemical or plant derived mosquito repellent methods. The mosquito repellents are chemical products which either facilitates the killing of mosquitoes directly or make them senseless thereby ceasing their physiological activities. There are several plant derived compounds known to contain repellent properties and can be employed as defence against mosquitoes. These plant derived compounds contain toxins, growth regulators, phenolic, nitrogen compounds and terpenoids, which are bitter in taste and act as effective anti-mosquito agents or mosquito repellents and profoundly helpful in the management of variety of mosquito borne diseases.

Novel Matrine Derivatives as Potential Larvicidal Agents against Aedes albopictus: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Mechanistic Analysis

“…albopictus , an insect of the mosquito family Cullicidae and genus Aedes, is one of the most important vectors for the transmission of nearly 80 types of viral diseases, including yellow fever, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, Chikungunya, West Nile virus disease, and Ross River fever [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Currently, chemical, biological, physical, and other methods, such as maintaining personal and environmental hygiene, are applied to reduce the mosquito population, and chemical insecticides are generally accepted as the most effective tactic for controlling mosquitoes [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. However, the negative effects of chemical insecticides, such as potential health risks, water contamination, environmental pollution, and toxicity to nontarget organisms have increased considerably [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”