A Review on Microbial Alkaline Protease: An Essential Tool for Various Industrial Approaches

Abstract

Proteolytic enzymes are present in all living organisms and help in cell growth and differentiation. Proteases are the hydrolytic enzymes that act as biocatalysts for the cleavage of proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. Microorganisms have turned out to be a competent and inexpensive source of alkaline protease enzymes that can produce a continuous and consistent supply of desired product. Alkaline proteases have extensive application in various industrial sectors especially in detergent and leather industries. However, their application in food has not been much exploited. This review summarizes all the reports of applications of alkaline protease in different sectors with a main view on food applications. The effect of various physiochemical parameters on alkaline protease is discussed. Different sources of isolation and optimum pH and temperature of alkaline protease producing bacterial and fungal species are also reported.

Characteristics of the Proteolytic Enzymes Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria

“…The increasing demand for proteolytic enzymes has prompted the need to seek new living organisms that can serve as sources of these enzymes, as well as to perform in-depth analysis of the already available genetic material. Presently, the vast majority of enzymes are produced by recombinant microbial strains, because of which biocatalysts are much cheaper than the proteins isolated from representatives of natural producers [ 6 , 7 ]. Many researchers have focused their interest on understanding the activity, regulation, and physiological function of the proteolytic system of lactic acid bacteria [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Characterization of Geobacillus stearothermophilus protease for detergent industry

“…Total enzyme market is expected to reach $6.5 billion by year 2024. Projected share of protease is estimated around $3 billion by year 2024 that hold around 50% share worldwide (Sharma et al, 2019), Microbial proteases accounts for the largest share in the market in terms of value (Proteases Market by Source, 2019), where they are used in manufacturing of products such as food, leather and detergents etc. (Asmaa et al, 2011).…”

Combined ANN/EVOP Factorial Design Approach for Media Screening for Cost-effective Production of Alkaline Proteases from Rhizopus oryzae (SN5)/NCIM-1447 under SSF

“…Proteases sources are animals, plants and microorganisms. But on the basis of various economical, technological and ethical issues, microorganisms are considered as the best sources of proteases (Sharma et al 2019). Many past works have been done for the production of proteases by strains of Bacillus (Sattar et al 2011), Rhizopus (Benabda et al 2019;Pandey et al 2016) and Penicillium (Djamel et al 2009;Omrane et al 2018).…”