A review on metallic porous materials: pore formation, mechanical properties, and their applications

Zhao, Biao; Gain, Asit Kumar; Ding, Wenfeng; Zhang, Liangchi; Li, Xianying; Fu, Yucan

doi:10.1007/s00170-017-1415-6

Cited by 106 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Probably the most known textbooks covering the field are Cellular Solids by Gibson and Ashby (1997) 2002, and Dukhan's Metal Foams, Fundamentals and Applications (2013). Many extensive reviews, including those by Banhart and coworkers [5][6][7][8][9] and Zhao et al 10 , are comprehensive literature sources on metal foams as well. Other reviews focus on particular metals and alloys, e.g., aluminum 11,12 , steels 13 and titanium [14][15][16][17] .…”

Section: Thirty Years Of Research In Porous Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction - Porous Metals: From Nano to Macro

et al. 2020

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Historically, porous metals have focused on structural applications where specific stiffness and strength were optimized, using conventional casting, sintering, cutting, machining and joining techniques to create ductile and strong porous metallic structure. For such load-bearing applications, porous metals are studied and used in many sectors, e.g., transportation, architecture, and medicine (for bone-replacement implants). This special issue of the Journal of Materials Research contains articles that were accepted in response to an invitation for manuscripts.

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Section: Thirty Years Of Research In Porous Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction - Porous Metals: From Nano to Macro

et al. 2020

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“…Many types of researches showed that a negative correlation occurs between Young's modulus and compressive strength (Zadpoor, 2015). The relationship between them can be balanced by adjustment of porosity and pore shape (Torres-Sanchez et al, 2017;Zhao et al, 2017). In the meantime, various pore shapes lead to different failure directions under ultimate stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Babaie and Bhadur (2017) discussed the effect of porosity on biology and mechanical properties from a macroscopic point of view. Zhao et al (2017) studied the main mechanical properties of porous structure and the effect of porosity on mechanical properties in detail. However, few researchers have addressed the problem in a systematic and regular summary of the design of porous structures and the mechanical and biological changes with the design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Scaffold Design for Additive Manufacturing in Orthopedics: A Review

Chen

Han

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

144

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With the increasing application of orthopedic scaffolds, a dramatically increasing number of requirements for scaffolds are precise. The porous structure has been a fundamental design in the bone tissue engineering or orthopedic clinics because of its low Young's modulus, high compressive strength, and abundant cell accommodation space. The porous structure manufactured by additive manufacturing (AM) technology has controllable pore size, pore shape, and porosity. The single unit can be designed and arrayed with AM, which brings controllable pore characteristics and mechanical properties. This paper presents the current status of porous designs in AM technology. The porous structures are stated from the cellular structure and the whole structure. In the aspect of the cellular structure, non-parametric design and parametric design are discussed here according to whether the algorithm generates the structure or not. The non-parametric design comprises the diamond, the body-centered cubic, and the polyhedral structure, etc. The Voronoi, the Triply Periodic Minimal Surface, and other parametric designs are mainly discussed in parametric design. In the discussion of cellular structures, we emphasize the design, and the resulting biomechanical and biological effects caused by designs. In the aspect of the whole structure, the recent experimental researches are reviewed on uniform design, layered gradient design, and layered gradient design based on topological optimization, etc. These parts are summarized because of the development of technology and the demand for mechanics or bone growth. Finally, the challenges faced by the porous designs and prospects of porous structure in orthopedics are proposed in this paper.

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“…Compared with dense material, the mechanical strength of porous material decreases significantly [9][10][11]. The mechanical model [8,12], microstructure [8] and the effect of porosity on mechanical properties [12,13] of porous Ti 3 SiC 2 have been investigated, which is classified as a kinking nonlinear elastic solid [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactively Synthesized Porous Ti3SiC2 Compound and Its Mechanical Properties with Different Apertures

et al. 2020

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Reactively synthesized porous Ti3SiC2 with different pore sizes was prepared using TiH2, Si and graphite powders as starting materials. The effect of pore size on the flexural stress–strain relationship, bending strength and flexural elastic modulus were investigated. The results show that the synthesized porous Ti3SiC2 intermetallic compounds have a characteristic of a high-purity MAX phase with typical laminate microstructure. When the average pore size decreases from 21.8 to 2.1 μm, the volume content of Ti3SiC2 phase ranges from 96.9% to 99.6%, and the porosity is in the range of 49.9% to 54.1%. The flexural stress–strain curves of porous Ti3SiC2 show a characteristic of two stages of elastic deformation and fracture. The flexural modulus is in the range of 13 to 70 GPa, which increases rapidly with further decrease of the pore size. A relation similar to the Hall–Petch equation between the mechanical property and the pore size was investigated for the porous material.

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A review on metallic porous materials: pore formation, mechanical properties, and their applications

Cited by 106 publications

References 118 publications

Introduction - Porous Metals: From Nano to Macro

Introduction - Porous Metals: From Nano to Macro

Porous Scaffold Design for Additive Manufacturing in Orthopedics: A Review

Reactively Synthesized Porous Ti3SiC2 Compound and Its Mechanical Properties with Different Apertures

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