A review on materials and processes for carbon dioxide separation and capture

Abstract

In today’s world, owing to industrial expansion, urbanization, the rapid growth of the human population, and the high standard of living, the utilization of the most advanced technologies is unavoidable. The enhanced anthropogenic activities worldwide result in a continuous increase in global warming potential, thereby raising a global concern. The constant rise in global warming potential forces the world to mitigate greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is considered as the primary contributor responsible for global warming and climatic changes. The global anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions released into the atmosphere can eventually deteriorate the environment and endanger the ecosystem. Combating global warming is one of the main challenges in achieving sustainable development. Carbon capture and storage is a potential solution to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions. There are three main methods for carbon capture and storage: post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion. Among them, post-combustion is used in thermal power plants and industrial sectors, all of which contribute a significant amount of carbon dioxide. Different techniques such as physical and chemical absorption, physical and chemical adsorption, membrane separation, and cryogenic distillation used for carbon capture are thoroughly discussed and presented. Currently, there are various materials including absorbents, adsorbents, and membranes used in carbon dioxide capture. Still, there is a search for new and novel materials and processes for separating and capturing carbon dioxide. This review article provides a comprehensive review of different methods, techniques, materials, and processes used for separating and capturing carbon dioxide from significant stationary point sources.

The Efficient Utilization of Carbon Dioxide in a Power-to-Liquid Process: An Overview

“…According to the differences in these absorbents, the common physical absorption methods in the industry include Rectisol, Selexol, and Fluor, etc. Table 1 summarizes their industrial applications and respective advantages [37]. Limitations: Higher viscosity than most physical solvents.…”

Best practices and innovations in carbon capture and storage (CCS) for effective CO2 storage

“…Additionally, the integration of water-gas shift (WGS) reactors and CO2 capture units into the gasification process streamlines the overall capture process and minimizes energy penalties. Another best practice in pre-combustion capture is the utilization of advanced CO2 separation techniques, such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA) and membrane separation, to achieve high-purity CO2 streams with minimal energy consumption (Maniarasu et al, 2023;Ekechi et al, 2024). PSA systems utilize adsorbents such as zeolites or activated carbons to selectively adsorb CO2 from the syngas stream under high pressure, while membrane separation relies on permeable membranes to selectively transport CO2 molecules across a membrane barrier.…”

The most effective techniques of industrial purification processes: a technical review

“…The feed gas is supplied to a solid adsorbent surface, which selectively adsorbs CO2 until equilibrium is reached. Active adsorbents include CaO, alkali silicates, zeolites, carbon activated, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphene, and molecular sieves [31,32]. Adsorbents can be regenerated through vacuum-swing adsorption, pressure-swing adsorption, or a combination of vacuum-pressure swing adsorption [33].…”