A review on lipid production from microalgae: Association between cultivation using waste streams and fatty acid profiles

Ferreira, Gabriela F.; Pinto, Luisa Fernanda Ríos; Filho, Rubens Maciel; Fregolente, Leonardo Vasconcelos

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.04.052

Cited by 123 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…A number of studies have recently addressed the market success of microalgae in the food/feed industries based on sustainability considerations [198,199,200,201,202]. One interesting way to alleviate the high costs of producing microalgal biomass for animal feed is to first extract their lipids for production of biodiesel, due to their intrinsically high lipid contents, and then process the remainder lipid-free material to obtain protein-rich products [203].…”

Section: Sustainability Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Industrial Applications and Commercialization of Microalgae in the Functional Food and Feed Industries: A Short Review

2019

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Bioactive compounds, e.g., protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals, found in commercial form of microalgal biomass (e.g., powder, flour, liquid, oil, tablet, or capsule forms) may play important roles in functional food (e.g., dairy products, desserts, pastas, oil-derivatives, or supplements) or feed (for cattle, poultry, shellfish, and fish) with favorable outcomes upon human health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects, as well as prevention of gastric ulcers, constipation, anemia, diabetes, and hypertension. However, scale up remains a major challenge before commercial competitiveness is attained. Notwithstanding the odds, a few companies have already overcome market constraints, and are successfully selling extracts of microalgae as colorant, or supplement for food and feed industries. Strong scientific evidence of probiotic roles of microalgae in humans is still lacking, while scarce studies have concluded on probiotic activity in marine animals upon ingestion. Limitations in culture harvesting and shelf life extension have indeed constrained commercial viability. There are, however, scattered pieces of evidence that microalgae play prebiotic roles, owing to their richness in oligosaccharides—hardly fermented by other members of the intestinal microbiota, or digested throughout the gastrointestinal tract of humans/animals for that matter. However, consistent applications exist only in the dairy industry and aquaculture. Despite the underlying potential in formulation of functional food/feed, extensive research and development efforts are still required before microalgae at large become a commercial reality in food and feed formulation.

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Section: Sustainability Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Industrial Applications and Commercialization of Microalgae in the Functional Food and Feed Industries: A Short Review

2019

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“…and Nannochloropsis sp. However, freshwater species, for example, Desmodesmus sp., have also been investigated as a source of omega-3 long-chain PUFA, EPA and DHA acids [ 61 , 62 ]. It was found that freshwater microalgae species produce biomass with a lower amount of PUFA.…”

Section: Microalgae Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae: A Promising Source of Valuable Bioproducts

et al. 2020

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Microalgae are a group of autotrophic microorganisms that live in marine, freshwater and soil ecosystems and produce organic substances in the process of photosynthesis. Due to their high metabolic flexibility, adaptation to various cultivation conditions as well as the possibility of rapid growth, the number of studies on their use as a source of biologically valuable products is growing rapidly. Currently, integrated technologies for the cultivation of microalgae aiming to isolate various biologically active substances from biomass to increase the profitability of algae production are being sought. To implement this kind of development, the high productivity of industrial cultivation systems must be accompanied by the ability to control the biosynthesis of biologically valuable compounds in conditions of intensive culture growth. The review considers the main factors (temperature, pH, component composition, etc.) that affect the biomass growth process and the biologically active substance synthesis in microalgae. The advantages and disadvantages of existing cultivation methods are outlined. An analysis of various methods for the isolation and overproduction of the main biologically active substances of microalgae (proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, pigments and vitamins) is presented and new technologies and approaches aimed at using microalgae as promising ingredients in value-added products are considered.

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“…The average characteristics of this substrate were nitrogen concentration of 45.0 ± 9.1 mg NꞏL -1 and phosphorus concentration of 4.7 ± 1.3 mg PꞏL -1 , which meant an N:P molar ratio of 22.7 ± 6.8. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration reached 71 ± 35 mg CODꞏL -1 , while biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) only accounted for 27 ± 2 mg CODꞏL -1 , which boosted autotrophic metabolism of microalgae (Ferreira et al, 2019;Razzak et al., 2017).…”

Section: Microalgae and Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under dark conditions, microalgae are not able to grow photoautrotophically, but green microalgae Chlorella is also able to grow heterotrophically in darkness. In this respect, heterotrophic growth of microalgae can be either faster or slower than photoautrophic depending on cultivating conditions and the organic carbon source (Ferreira et al, 2019). In the case of this study, organic carbon was not expected to boost heterotrophic metabolism since it was not easily degradable.…”

Section: Effect Of Mpbr Light Pathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving membrane photobioreactor performance by reducing light path: operating conditions and key performance indicators

et al. 2020

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Microalgae cultivation has been receiving increasing interest in wastewater remediation due to their ability to assimilate nutrients present in wastewater streams. In this respect, cultivating microalgae in membrane photobioreactors (MPBRs) allows decoupling the solid retention time (SRT) from the hydraulic retention time (HRT), which enables to increase the nutrient load to the photobioreactors (PBRs) while avoiding the wash out of the microalgae biomass. The reduction of the PBR light path from 25 to 10 cm increased the nitrogen and phosphorus recovery rates, microalgae biomass productivity and photosynthetic efficiency by 150, 103, 194 and 67%, respectively. The areal biomass productivity (aBP) also increased when the light path was reduced, reflecting the better use of light in the 10-cm MPBR plant. The capital and operating operational expenditures (CAPEX and OPEX) of the 10-cm MPBR plant were also reduced by 27 and 49%, respectively. Discharge limits were met when the 10-cm MPBR plant was operated at SRTs of 3-4.5 d and HRTs of 1.25-1.5 d. At these SRT/HRT ranges, the 2 process could be operated without a high fouling propensity with gross permeate flux (J20) of 15 LMH and specific gas demand (SGDp) between 16 and 20 Nm 3 airꞏm-3 permeate, which highlights the potential of membrane filtration in MPBRs. When the continuous operation of the MPBR plant was evaluated, an optical density of 680 nm (OD680) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) were found to be good indicators of microalgae cell and algal organic matter (AOM) concentrations, while dissolved oxygen appeared to be directly related to MPBR performance. Nitrite and nitrate (NOx) concentration and the soluble chemical oxygen demand:volatile suspended solids ratio (sCOD:VSS) were used as indicators of nitrifying bacteria activity and the stress on the culture, respectively. These parameters were inversely related to nitrogen recovery rates and biomass productivity and could thus help to prevent possible culture deterioration.

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A review on lipid production from microalgae: Association between cultivation using waste streams and fatty acid profiles

Cited by 123 publications

References 194 publications

Potential Industrial Applications and Commercialization of Microalgae in the Functional Food and Feed Industries: A Short Review

Potential Industrial Applications and Commercialization of Microalgae in the Functional Food and Feed Industries: A Short Review

Microalgae: A Promising Source of Valuable Bioproducts

Improving membrane photobioreactor performance by reducing light path: operating conditions and key performance indicators

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