A Review on Leukemia and iPSC Technology: Application in Novel Treatment and Future

Maali, Amirhosein; Atashi, Amir; Ghaffari, Sasan; Kouchaki, Reza; Abdolmaleki, Fereshte; Azad, Mehdi

doi:10.2174/1574888x13666180731155038

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Cell or gene therapy can be greatly enhanced by reprogramming stem cells to produce a variety of cell types [ 103 ]. Lai et al produced large quantities of functional human eosinophils from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are comparatively easy to produce.…”

Section: Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy

Ghaffari

Rezaei

2023

J Transl Med

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Despite being an integral part of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME), few studies have mechanistically elucidated eosinophil functions in cancer outcomes. Eosinophils are a minor population of granulocytes that are mostly explored in asthma and allergic disorders. Their influence on primary and metastatic tumors, however, has recently come to light. Eosinophils’ diverse armamentarium of mediators and receptors allows them to participate in innate and adaptive immunity, such as type 1 and type 2 immunity, and shape TME and tumor outcomes. Based on TME cells and cytokines, activated eosinophils drive other immune cells to ultimately promote or suppress tumor growth. Discovering exactly what conditions determine the pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic role of eosinophils allows us to take advantage of these signals and devise novel strategies to target cancer cells. Here, we first revisit eosinophil biology and differentiation as recognizing eosinophil mediators is crucial to their function in homeostatic and pathological conditions as well as tumor outcome. The bulk of our paper discusses eosinophil interactions with tumor cells, immune cells—including T cells, plasma cells, natural killer (NK) cells—and gut microbiota. Eosinophil mediators, such as IL-5, IL-33, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and CCL11 also determine eosinophil behavior toward tumor cells. We then examine the implications of these findings for cancer immunotherapy approaches, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. Eosinophils synergize with CAR T cells and ICB therapy to augment immunotherapies.

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Section: Cancer Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy

Ghaffari

Rezaei

2023

J Transl Med

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“…Cells are then further differentiated into NK with the addition of IL-3, IL-15, IL-7, SCF and ftl3 ligand and expanded using feeder cell systems. Similar to UCB-NK cells, iPSC-NK are well susceptible to genetic manipulation and exhibit potent cytotoxicity ( 57 ). However, in comparison, the iPSC-derived NK cell population is reproducibly homogenous and consistent ( 58 ).…”

Section: Alternative Nk Cell Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered NK Cells Against Cancer and Their Potential Applications Beyond

et al. 2022

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Cell therapy is an innovative therapeutic concept where viable cells are implanted, infused, or grafted into a patient to treat impaired or malignant tissues. The term was first introduced circa the 19th century and has since resulted in multiple breakthroughs in different fields of medicine, such as neurology, cardiology, and oncology. Lately, cell and gene therapy are merging to provide cell products with additional or enhanced properties. In this context, adoptive transfer of genetically modified cytotoxic lymphocytes has emerged as a novel treatment option for cancer patients. To this day, five cell therapy products have been FDA approved, four of which for CD19-positive malignancies and one for B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-positive malignancies. These are personalized immunotherapies where patient T cells are engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) with the aim to redirect the cells against tumor-specific antigens. CAR-T cell therapies show impressive objective response rates in clinical trials that, in certain instances, may reach up to 80%. However, the life-threatening side effects associated with T cell toxicity and the manufacturing difficulties of developing personalized therapies hamper their widespread use. Recent literature suggests that Natural Killer (NK) cells, may provide a safer alternative and an ‘off-the-shelf’ treatment option thanks to their potent antitumor properties and relatively short lifespan. Here, we will discuss the potential of NK cells in CAR-based therapies focusing on the applications of CAR-NK cells in cancer therapy and beyond.

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“…Cell therapies using autologous or allogeneic immune cells have shown potential as a therapeutic approach in solid and hematological malignancies [20] , chronic viral infections ( e.g. HIV) [21] , and refractory viral infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients [22] , [23] . There is currently no gold-standard and definitive treatment for COVID-19, and considering its urgency, it has prompted scientists from all fields to investigate this problem, engendering a wide range of potential therapeutic options [24] ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Immune Cell-based Therapies Against Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the recent findings of cell-based therapies for the treatment and management of COVID-19

Ghaffari

Kazerooni²,

Salehi-Najafabadi

2021

International Immunopharmacology

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A Review on Leukemia and iPSC Technology: Application in Novel Treatment and Future

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy

Eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy

Engineered NK Cells Against Cancer and Their Potential Applications Beyond

An overview of the recent findings of cell-based therapies for the treatment and management of COVID-19

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