A review on herbal Ayurvedic medicinal plants and its association with memory functions

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex, multifactorial, progressive, neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting the elder population. The impairment of central acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmission due to neural degeneration is believed to be a principal neuropathological feature of AD. In the history Rasayana remedies widely used in Ayurveda for the management of memory impairment. Memory is a vital part of cognition. In health promotive ayurveda is gaining greater attention and popularity in various regions of the world. It is one of the renowned systems of medicine invented from Vedas. The present study is therefore focussed on discussing the various herbal ayurvedic medicinal plants and its association with memory functions

Natural Therapeutics in Aid of Treating Alzheimer’s Disease: A Green Gateway Toward Ending Quest for Treating Neurological Disorders

“…Effective anti-AD compounds include terpenoids such as ginsenosides, ginkgolides, and cannabinoids. Ginsenoside Rg3 (minimizes Aβ production by 84 percent in CHO-2B7 cells and by 31 percent in Tg2576) transgenic mice ( Kulkarni et al, 2011 ; Avneet et al, 2018 ). Ginsenoside Rg3 lowers Aβ concentration by boosting Aβ breakdown and by increasing the production of neprilysin, a rate-limiting enzyme in Aβ degradation.…”

Convolamine, a tropane alkaloid extracted from Convolvulus plauricalis, is a potent sigma‐1 receptor‐positive modulator with cognitive and neuroprotective properties

“…Medicinal plants used in traditional pharmacopeia have been considered a healthcare resource for millennia and are widely used to address various diseases and conditions. Natural products derived for instance from traditional Chinese medicine or Indian Ayurveda, considered as the oldest medical system in the world, include different class of phytoconstituants such as methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline…), isoquinoleins (berberine, papaverine…), polyphenols (curcumin, catechins, resveratrol…), saponins (ginsenosides), flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin…), flavonolignans (silibinin…), coumarins (ayapanin, scopoletin, scopolin…), terpenoids (menthol, taraxerol, cannabinoids, artemisinin) (for reviews, Avneet et al, 2018; Balkrishna et al, 2020). They are mostly used as extracts (aqueous, ethanol…) and have been attributed several therapeutic properties such as immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anxiolytic, antioxidant, analgesic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activities.…”

“…They are mostly used as extracts (aqueous, ethanol…) and have been attributed several therapeutic properties such as immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anxiolytic, antioxidant, analgesic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activities. Indeed, several extracts have shown some effectiveness in preclinical models of neurodegenerative diseases, including Matricaria recutita, Celastrus paniculatus , and Evolvulus alsinoides in decreasing anxiety (Hassan et al, 2017; Mikawlrawng et al, 2018; Orozco‐Montes et al, 2019; Sedighi et al, 2017); Coffea Arabica and Sida cordifolia in reversing motor deficits in Parkinson's disease (Akhtar et al, 2016; Liu et al, 2016; Solati et al, 2017); and Galanthus nivalis , Ginkgo biloba, Bertholettia excels , Hypericum perforatum , Rosmarinus officinalis , and Melissa officinalis for neuroprotection in AD (Adams et al, 2007; Avneet et al, 2018; Farzaei et al, 2018; Noysang et al, 2014; Ranjan & Kumari, 2017; Shakir & Coulibaly, 2013; Ven Murthy et al, 2010).…”

Modulation of IL-6 in ameliorating arthritic conditions in rats by Rosa alba L flower extract and fraction

“…The aromatic water made from the plant is used as a flavoring agent in the preparation of jam, cake, and drinks [4]. Several scientific approaches determined that R. alba exhibits various pharmacological activities including antioxidant [5], antimicrobial [6], antifertility and teratogenic activity [7], cytotoxic and genotoxic activity [8], memory enhancing activity [9] stress induced skin barrier disruption activity [10], bradykinin antagonist activity [11]. Chemically the plant contains geraniol, heneicosane, nonadecane, citronellol, linalool, β phenylethyl alcohol, nerol, neral, geranial, eugenol, methyleugenol, nonadecene, eicosane, and tricosane [12], tannins, ellagitannins, and flavonoids [13], aliphatic hydrocarbons, minerals, alcohols, aldehydes, monoterpenoids, sesqiterpene, benzyl benzoate, allo-aromadendrene, β selinene [14].…”