A Review on Gelatin Based Hydrogels for Medical Textile Applications

Abstract

Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer networks that absorb any kind of liquid including biological fluids. Natural polymers and their derivatives along with synthetic polymers are used to form the hydrogels. Networks that constitute the hydrogels are created by the crosslinking of either synthesized polymers starting from monomers or already developed polymers. Crosslinking can be developed either physically if secondary intermolecular forces are involved or chemically in which a covalent bond between polymeric chains is created. Gelatins are natural driven protein polymers. One of the main biopolymers used for producing hydrogels is gelatin. Gelatin has a very wide application other than hydrogels. In this review, hydrogels and their property and synthesis mechanism, as well as their application in biomedical along with gelatin chemistry and application, are reviewed. Due to its nonimmunogenicity, nontoxicity, low cost, and high availability gelatin-based hydrogels could find applications in drug delivery carrier, bioink, transdermal therapy, wound healing, and tissue repair. The beneficiation of gelatin can result in their sustainable conversion into high-value biomaterials on the proviso of the existence or development of cost-effective, sustainable technologies for converting this biopolymer into useful bioproducts.

Multifunctional PLA/Gelatin Bionanocomposites for Tailored Drug Delivery Systems

“…Similarly, collagen-based scaffolds for the regeneration of tissues such as nerves, bone, cartilage or skin were also developed with the detrimental low solubility in water that turns gelatin into a better candidate for tissue engineering [20]. Gelatin is a natural biopolymer obtained from the denaturation of collagen [21] that preserves key bioactive functions of collagen for biomedical applications, such as cell adhesion and proliferation [22]. Moreover, gelatin is widely used in the food and cosmetic industries, and particularly, fish gelatin is becoming increasingly used for biomedical applications due to a likely less intense immune reaction in the human body than mammalian gelatin [23] as well as an approach to revalorize the by-products from fish industrial processes [24].…”

Polymeric Hydrogels for In Vitro 3D Ovarian Cancer Modeling

“…Gelatin hydrogels with different physico-chemical and mechanical properties can be obtained by varying the type and concentration of a cross-linking agent [ 246 ]. Processing versatility, biocompatibility and bioactive properties make gelatin one of the most common polymers for the development of hydrogels tailored to several applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and medical textiles [ 247 ].…”

Preparation, characterization and application of gamma irradiated some water soluble polymers/natural rubber latex blends

“…The calculation of cross-linking density of all compositions of ALG/NRL and CMC/NRL films after irradiation to 10 kGy, based on the GF% and ES% results, calculated by applying Flory-Rehner equation and its derivatives (3)(4)(5)(6). The cross-linking density of various films listed in Table 4 and the dependence of the cross-linking density on the NRL content (v/v%) represented in Figure 3.…”

“…Usually, hydrogels can be fabricated by either natural polymers or fully synthetic polymers by the influence of radiation. [ 4 ] The natural polymers such as sodium alginate (SALG) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are well known for their excellent non‐toxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, [ 5,6 ] which are usually prepared by physical or chemical cross‐linking with addition of cross‐linkers. Both ALG and CMC are polyanionic polysaccharides containing abundant carboxyl group in the polymer chain, and make them have great affinity to water.…”