A review on ethno-medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The traditional medicine based on medicinal plants in the Kingdom of Arabia Saudia presents a strong relationship belonging to natural remedies, health, diet, and folk healing practice recognized by a specific culture. The aim of the current study is to carry out an ethnobotanical review on medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the Kingdom of Arabia Saudia including information on plant species, used parts, preparation method as well as medical uses. Earlier published data in journals, textbooks, periodicals, websites, and databases written in pharmacological evidence of Suadi medicinal plants were based on gathering information. The present review work reported that 96 species belonging to 47 families have been used in Saudi Pharmacopeia. Amaranthaceae has the highest number of plant species (7) Followed by Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, and Fabaceae with 5 plant species in each. The inventoried plant species in the current work are frequently used for the treatment of various illnesses and to ensure the medication safety of Saudi people. The biological analysis of plant form used in Saudi natural remedies showed the dominance of herb and subshrub form with a percentage of 43% and 30% respectively. The most used preparation method of plant drugs, which used in Saudi Alternative medicine was decoction and infusion. The whole plant, leaves, seeds, and aerial parts were the most useful plant parts in natural preparation in Saudi traditional medicine with a percentage of 29%, 28%, 7%, and 5% respectively as reported in the present review work. The present review work gives big data about medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia including data about plant species, used parts, preparation method as well as medical uses.

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“…In the past few decades, there has been a massive increase in the public interest to use herbal medicines for the treatment of various ailments due to the side-effects associated with conventional medicines (Ekor, 2014;Mohamad et al, 2019).Therefore, the traditional use of polyherbal medicines or phytomedicines in various countries including Pakistan, Iran, India and Kingdom of Saudia Arabia are popular and well-practiced against various diseases including gastrointestinal related ailments and diarrhea (Hajhashemi et al, 2000;Mujumdar et al, 2000;Ullah et al, 2020;Buso et al, 2020). DCD-684 has been formulated by considering the effectiveness of its plant components used popularly in traditional medicine against GI diseases including abdominal colic pains.…”

Mushroom-Derived Bioactive Molecules as Immunotherapeutic Agents: A Review

“…Yeast, grain, mushrooms, ginseng, jimson weed, cinnamon bark, ephedra, garlic, onion, and chamomile are often applied to treat or prevent diseases during the evolution of human history [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. Among them, mushrooms have received a considerable amount of interest to use in the biomedical area due to their inheritance properties.…”

Medicinal Plants Used by Dayak Kanayatn Traditional Healers in Tonang Village Sengah Temila District Landak Regency

“…The leaves were almost widely used by people in those areas as medicinal ingredients. Leaves, one of the plant organs where photosynthetic activities take place, contain various active ingredients that can be used as medicine (Ullah et al 2020).…”