A Review on Energy Consumption Optimization Techniques in IoT Based Smart Building Environments

Abstract

In recent years, due to the unnecessary wastage of electrical energy in residential buildings, the requirement of energy optimization and user comfort has gained vital importance. In the literature, various techniques have been proposed addressing the energy optimization problem. The goal of each technique is to maintain a balance between user comfort and energy requirements, such that the user can achieve the desired comfort level with the minimum amount of energy consumption. Researchers have addressed the issue with the help of different optimization algorithms and variations in the parameters to reduce energy consumption. To the best of our knowledge, this problem is not solved yet due to its challenging nature. The gaps in the literature are due to advancements in technology, the drawbacks of optimization algorithms, and the introduction of new optimization algorithms. Further, many newly proposed optimization algorithms have produced better accuracy on the benchmark instances but have not been applied yet for the optimization of energy consumption in smart homes. In this paper, we have carried out a detailed literature review of the techniques used for the optimization of energy consumption and scheduling in smart homes. Detailed discussion has been carried out on different factors contributing towards thermal comfort, visual comfort, and air quality comfort. We have also reviewed the fog and edge computing techniques used in smart homes.

A Review on Edge Computing in Smart Energy by means of a Systematic Mapping Study

“…Shah et al [48] presented a major review of fog and Edge Computing techniques for optimizing energy consumption in smart buildings and smart homes. They also included a systematic mapping study for energy optimization techniques and how edge and fog computing is applied in smart homes and grids.…”

“…Another interesting study is the one conducted by Shah et al [48]. In their work, the authors reviewed the different energy optimization techniques employed in Smart Building environments that make use of IoT solutions.…”

“…Their study, according to the authors, aims to identify algorithms and techniques for optimized energy use and scheduling, identify Edge Computing and fog computing techniques, as well as technologies used in Smart Home environments and their comfort parameters. Shah et al (2019) reviewed and filtered 3800 papers published since 1996 until 2018. All those papers proposed solutions for the Smart Buildings scenario, including genetic algorithms for energy optimization, edge and fog computing, energy scheduling, and IoT.…”

“…The optimization of energy consumption in smart homes and buildings; Only the review presented by Shah et al [48] has been done using the SMS technique, its contribution is important because it identifies the main solutions for optimizing energy consumption in intelligent buildings. However, there is a lack of a systematic literature analysis regarding Edge Computing solutions for Smart Energy environments.…”

Design of a Remote Meter Reading System for Residential Heating

“…The Chinese Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development required all new residential communities in northern China to implement household heat metering since 2010. To fulfill the requirement, residential heating needs to be commercialized, and controlled and measured on a household basis [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In other words, each user should be enabled to adjust the heat, and the heating fee should be charged as per the amount of heat consumed.…”