A Review on Emerging and Reemerging of Infectious Diseases in Jordan: The Aftermath of the Syrian Crises

Nimer, Nabil Awni

doi:10.1155/2018/8679174

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…9 Our findings further substantiate the concern regarding infectious diseases threatening Syrian refugees and the wider Jordanian community. [10][11][12] Pigmentation disorders were frequently observed: vitiligo is a common skin condition in the Middle East, and postinflammatory pigmentation was frequently described, mainly on photoexposed areas, because of sunburn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin disease profile of Syrian refugees in Jordan: a field‐mission assessment

Saikal

Mir

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background Since the beginning of the Syrian war in 2011, the world has faced the most severe refugee crisis in history and 5.6 million Syrians have sought asylum in neighbouring countries or in Europe. According to recent estimates, more than 650 000 Syrian refugees are displaced in Jordan. Objectives This article aims to assess the demographic characteristics and skin disease profile of Syrian displaced people residing in Al Za'atari camp and in communities in Jordan. Furthermore, the authors discuss the barriers to healthcare provision experienced during field missions. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of medical records collected during three medical missions in Jordan by an international dermatological team. Data on patient age, gender, country of origin and skin disease diagnoses were recorded both in Al Za'atari camp and Jordanian towns near the Syrian border. Results A total of 1197 patients were assessed during the field missions, with 67.7% female and 37.1% under the age of 14 years. Dermatitis was the leading dermatological condition in both refugee camp and community healthcare clinics. Infectious diseases were the second most common; however, fungal presentations were more common in the community as opposed to viral in Al Za'atari. Conclusions High dermatitis presentations were likely secondary to the environment, living conditions and lack of access to emollients. Infectious diseases were postulated secondary to poor hygiene and sharing of overcrowded spaces. Barriers to health care included limited pharmacological formulary, difficulty in continuity of care and case referrals due to lack of specialized services. Better access to health care, improvement of living conditions and hygiene, and increased availability of medications including emollients and sunscreens are all interventions that should be carried out to reduce skin disease burden. Our findings should further urge the international community to uphold their commitments and uptake engagement in improving health care for Syrian displaced people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin disease profile of Syrian refugees in Jordan: a field‐mission assessment

Saikal

Mir

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Prior to 2011, ministries of health (MoHs) in the region were starting to grapple with the NCD challenge. Thereafter NCD planninglet alone NCD research capacitypredictably disappeared from view in the face of the human crisis, with population displacement overwhelming existing health infrastructure, as previously contained infectious diseases re-emerged to become a critical issue for international relief and humanitarian agencies and governments [44][45][46].…”

Section: Results: Examining Achievementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context-led capacity building in time of crisis: fostering non-communicable diseases (NCD) research skills in the Mediterranean Middle East and North Africa

Phillimore

Sibai

Rizk

et al. 2019

Global Health Action

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Background: This paper examines one EC-funded multinational project (RESCAP-MED), with a focus on research capacity building (RCB) concerning non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the Mediterranean Middle East and North Africa. By the project’s end (2015), the entire region was engulfed in crisis.Objective: Designed before this crisis developed in 2011, the primary purpose of RESCAP-MED was to foster methodological skills needed to conduct multi-disciplinary research on NCDs and their social determinants. RESCAP-MED also sought to consolidate regional networks for future collaboration, and to boost existing regional policy engagement in the region on the NCD challenge. This analysis examines the scope and sustainability of RCB conducted in a context of intensifying political turmoil.Methods: RESCAP-MED linked two sets of activities. The first was a framework for training early- and mid-career researchers through discipline-based and writing workshops, plus short fellowships for sustained mentoring. The second integrated public-facing activities designed to raise the profile of the NCD burden in the region, and its implications for policymakers at national level. Key to this were two conferences to showcase regional research on NCDs, and the development of an e-learning resource (NETPH).Results: Seven discipline-based workshops (with 113 participants) and 6 workshops to develop writing skills (84 participants) were held, with 18 fellowship visits. The 2 symposia in Istanbul and Beirut attracted 280 participants. Yet the developing political crisis tagged each activity with a series of logistical challenges, none of which was initially envisaged. The immediacy of the crisis inevitably deflected from policy attention to the challenges of NCDs.Conclusions: This programme to strengthen research capacity for one priority area of global public health took place as a narrow window of political opportunity was closing. The key lessons concern issues of sustainability and the paramount importance of responsively shaping a context-driven RCB.

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“…The problem of Syrian refugee influx is not only contained to Lebanon. Other countries in the Middle East, such as Jordan, Iraq, and Egypt [27,28], like Lebanon, have been plagued with some diseases spread among the Syrian refugee populations they have been hosting. Leishmaniasis was one of the most common diseases reported in the Syrian refugee camps in these countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Leishmaniasis on the Performance of Elementary School Students: A Case Study among Syrian Refugees in Some Bekaa (Lebanon) Area Schools

Khachfe¹,

Zayyoun²,

Sharif-Askari³

et al. 2019

JEGH

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Since the Syrian conflict started, Lebanon became a common destination receiving a huge number of Syrian refugees that are living in camps spread all over the country, with the largest concentration in the Bekaa Valley. Generous steps are being taken to increase the access to formal education, such as offering free public education and opening second shifts in the public schools in the afternoon. Yet barriers, such as child labor and health-related factors like the spreading of some communicable diseases, like Leishmania, are keeping children out of classroom. The present study was done with the aim of investigating the effect of leishmaniasis on the performance and the academic achievement of Syrian refugee children. The results showed varying degrees of knowledge and dealing with the case of leishmaniasis. The disease clearly had an effect on the students' attendance in schools, and by proxy on their academic performance.

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A Review on Emerging and Reemerging of Infectious Diseases in Jordan: The Aftermath of the Syrian Crises

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Skin disease profile of Syrian refugees in Jordan: a field‐mission assessment

Skin disease profile of Syrian refugees in Jordan: a field‐mission assessment

Context-led capacity building in time of crisis: fostering non-communicable diseases (NCD) research skills in the Mediterranean Middle East and North Africa

Effect of Leishmaniasis on the Performance of Elementary School Students: A Case Study among Syrian Refugees in Some Bekaa (Lebanon) Area Schools

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