A review on direct carboxylation of glycerol waste to glycerol carbonate and its applications

Rozulan, Najaa; Halim, Siti Atikah; Razali, Nurul Ashraf; Lam, Su Shiung

doi:10.1007/s13399-022-02540-y

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…1 BD, at a commercial scale, is obtained by transesterifying a variety of triglycerides, such as Jatropha curcas, used cooking oils, yellow grease, animal fats, etc., with methanol or ethanol. This reaction, along with fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), commonly known as BD, also yielded crude glycerol (GLY) as a by-product [2][3][4][5][6][7] which is around 10 wt% of the BD production. 8 The largest GLY manufacturer is in Europe, producing nearly 2.5 million tons of GLY per year, which is estimated to triple by 2030.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of glycerol carbonate using Li/Mg/K modified zeolite beta: a kinetic study

Gautam,

Barman,

Ali

2024

New J. Chem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, with methanol or ethanol. This reaction, along with fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), commonly known as BD, also yielded crude glycerol (GLY) as a by-product 2–7 which is around 10 wt% of the BD production. 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of glycerol carbonate using Li/Mg/K modified zeolite beta: a kinetic study

Gautam,

Barman,

Ali

2024

New J. Chem.

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“…One of the highly needed organic carbonates, glycerol carbonate, with numerous applications can be synthesized by the reaction of glycerol and CO 2 (Scheme ). − …”

Section: Thermocatalytic Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Thermo-, Photo-, and Electrocatalytic Continuous Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Liquid Chemicals

Cao

Kabtamu

Kumar

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The enormous research activity on the capture and conversion of CO2 into useful entities is the manifestation of scientific concerns over climate change due to increased accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. Although several thermo-, photo-, and electrocatalytic methods have been developed to convert CO2 into various important chemicals including fuels, most of them have not been successfully implemented at the industrial level. The one of the apparent reasons is the thermodynamic stability of CO2 that restricts their deployment at industrial scale because of the limitations associated with the strategy of amplifying batch reactors. Flow chemistry is an effective tool not only to develop continuous processes but also to intensify existing ones; implementation of flow processes at the commercial level is more desirable than that of batch processes. Thus, the application of flow chemistry in the CO2 conversion domain has paved the way to develop continuous methodology and, not surprisingly, has garnered tremendous attention recently. Herein, the recent progress in continuous flow conversion of CO2 into liquid chemicals via thermo-, photo-, and electrocatalytic processes is discussed including the importance of catalyst development, flow reaction parameters, and the type of flow reactors for developing a productive continuous flow process; existing challenges and future perspectives on flow chemistry for CO2 conversion are highlighted.

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“…[10] Among the wide variety of carbonates, glycerol carbonate and its corresponding derivatives are particularly important for the valorization of glycerol as byproduct from biodiesel manufacturing (Scheme 1). [13][14][15] Numerous procedures are reported for the direct conversion of glycerol to glycerol carbonate [16][17][18] and for the functionalization of the hydroxyl group in the glycerol carbonate molecule, which leads to various valuable glycerol-based carbonates 1. [19] Conversion of glycerol to cyclic carbonates is also possible via different routes, for example, in the epicerol process glycerol is converted to epichlorohydrin which can be further reacted with CO 2 to the corresponding carbonate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Chiral Building Blocks Based on the Kinetic Resolution of Glycerol‐Derived Cyclic Carbonates

Terazzi,

Spannenberg,

von Langermann

et al. 2023

ChemCatChem

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The biocatalytic kinetic resolution of cyclic carbonates derived from glycerol is reported. A selection of 26 esterases and lipases was tested for the asymmetric hydrolysis of the model substrate (4‐(chloromethyl)‐1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐one) in aqueous medium. Among them, Pig Liver Esterase and Novozym® 435 showed the best selectivity with E = 38 and 49, respectively. Both enzymes were employed for the conversion of 12 glycerol derivatives under optimized conditions. The resolution of halogenated carbonates afforded the unconverted enantiomer in up to >99:1 er. Furthermore, Novozym® 435 was successfully recycled 10 times without significant loss of activity. Upscaling and isolation of a chiral carbonate was also demonstrated. Subsequent conversion of this chiral building block allowed the direct one‐pot synthesis of Guaifenesin, Mephenesin and Chlorphenesin in up to 89% yield and 94:6 er.

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A review on direct carboxylation of glycerol waste to glycerol carbonate and its applications

Cited by 20 publications

References 71 publications

Synthesis of glycerol carbonate using Li/Mg/K modified zeolite beta: a kinetic study

Synthesis of glycerol carbonate using Li/Mg/K modified zeolite beta: a kinetic study

Advances in Thermo-, Photo-, and Electrocatalytic Continuous Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Liquid Chemicals

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Chiral Building Blocks Based on the Kinetic Resolution of Glycerol‐Derived Cyclic Carbonates

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