Abstract:The objective of this review was to collect information on available additive manufacturing technologies used for the fabrication of either single crowns or fixed-dental prosthesis (FDP) with a focus on the chemistry, surface characteristics and interaction between frameworks and veneering ceramics. Original scientific papers in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Scopus databases, published between 01 January 1996 and 30 June 2020 were included in this review. The following MeSH terms, search terms and their combinatio… Show more
“…Large fiber pullout is achieved in all the printed specimens. 31-33 Figure 10.SEM of fractured CF/ABS specimen (50% infill density/Hexagonal Pattern/0.30 mm layer height).Figure 11.SEM of fractured CF/ABS specimen (50% infill density/Grid Pattern/0.30 mm layer height).Figure 12.SEM of fractured CF/ABS specimen (50% infill density/Rectilinear Pattern/0.30 mm layer height).…”
Additive manufacturing has the capacity to manufacture functional parts with complicated geometries, fused filament fabrication is a viable additive manufacturing method and an alternative to standard processes for the creation of polymer and fiber-reinforced polymer composites. The influence of process parameters such as layer thickness, infill density, and infill pattern on the interlaminar bonding performance of three-dimensional printed composites was examined in this study. Due to the existence of high porosity and inadequate layer to layer bond, interlaminar shear strength values increase as layer height increases from 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm and decrease by 0.3 mm. The specimens were also subjected to a wettability test to determine the printed material’s adhesive behavior. Scanning electron microscope was used to perform fractography analysis, and fractured specimens were seen. The test findings revealed that carbon fiber reinforced ABS specimens have good interlaminar shear strength and layer adhesive. When comparing carbon fiber reinforced ABS specimens to ABS specimens, the test results demonstrated that interlaminar shear strength and good adhesion between the layers are attained in carbon fiber reinforced ABS specimens.
“…Large fiber pullout is achieved in all the printed specimens. 31-33 Figure 10.SEM of fractured CF/ABS specimen (50% infill density/Hexagonal Pattern/0.30 mm layer height).Figure 11.SEM of fractured CF/ABS specimen (50% infill density/Grid Pattern/0.30 mm layer height).Figure 12.SEM of fractured CF/ABS specimen (50% infill density/Rectilinear Pattern/0.30 mm layer height).…”
Additive manufacturing has the capacity to manufacture functional parts with complicated geometries, fused filament fabrication is a viable additive manufacturing method and an alternative to standard processes for the creation of polymer and fiber-reinforced polymer composites. The influence of process parameters such as layer thickness, infill density, and infill pattern on the interlaminar bonding performance of three-dimensional printed composites was examined in this study. Due to the existence of high porosity and inadequate layer to layer bond, interlaminar shear strength values increase as layer height increases from 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm and decrease by 0.3 mm. The specimens were also subjected to a wettability test to determine the printed material’s adhesive behavior. Scanning electron microscope was used to perform fractography analysis, and fractured specimens were seen. The test findings revealed that carbon fiber reinforced ABS specimens have good interlaminar shear strength and layer adhesive. When comparing carbon fiber reinforced ABS specimens to ABS specimens, the test results demonstrated that interlaminar shear strength and good adhesion between the layers are attained in carbon fiber reinforced ABS specimens.
“…In this sense, it should be mentioned that the AM process is not equally evolved for all materials. While studies show good results with the use of metals, the AM of ceramics and polymers still has some limitations (Hesse & Ozcan, 2021; Jockusch & Ozcan, 2020; Revilla‐Leon, Meyer, & Ozcan, 2019). The AM processes of included studies (SLA and DLP) can be used to produce ceramic parts by mixing ceramic powders and photosensitive resin.…”
AimTo compare and report on the performance of implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses (iFDPs) fabricated using additive (AM) or subtractive (SM) manufacturing.MethodsAn electronic search was conducted (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, Epistemonikos, clinical trials registries) with a focused PICO question: In partially edentulous patients with missing single (or multiple) teeth undergoing dental implant therapy (P), do AM iFDPs (I) compared to SM iFDPs (C) result in improved clinical performance (O)? Included were studies comparing AM to SM iFDPs (randomized clinical trials, prospective/retrospective clinical studies, case series, in vitro studies).ResultsOf 2′184 citations, no clinical study met the inclusion criteria, whereas six in vitro studies proved to be eligible. Due to the lack of clinical studies and considerable heterogeneity across the studies, no meta‐analysis could be performed. AM iFDPs were made of zirconia and polymers. For SM iFDPs, zirconia, lithium disilicate, resin‐modified ceramics and different types of polymer‐based materials were used. Performance was evaluated by assessing marginal and internal discrepancies and mechanical properties (fracture loads, bending moments). Three of the included studies examined the marginal and internal discrepancies of interim or definitive iFDPs, while four examined mechanical properties. Based on marginal and internal discrepancies as well as the mechanical properties of AM and SM iFDPs, the studies revealed inconclusive results.ConclusionDespite the development of AM and the comprehensive search, there is very limited data available on the performance of AM iFDPs and their comparison to SM techniques. Therefore, the clinical performance of iFDPs by AM remains to be elucidated.
“…Another constraint has to do with logistics, and safety. Due to their high combustibility, some metal powders, particularly titanium powder, must be handled and stored with extreme caution [39]. Additionally, the use of SLS and associated AM technologies requires specialized training for dental technicians [40].…”
Today, computers and digital devices are an indispensable part of our daily lives, and dentistry is no exception. Dentistry has adopted a number of digital technologies, including CAD/CAM (computer-aided design and manufacturing) systems. The goal of the current study is to evaluate the current state of knowledge on dental alloy manufacturing using subtractive and additive techniques for metal ceramic restoration. On this topic, an electronic systematic review was conducted in various databases (Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar searches), as well as a hand search of the scientific literature. Published work was collected, analyzed, and relevant articles were chosen for inclusion in this review from 2008 to 2021. The online databases were searched for articles published that appeared between 2008 and 2021, with no time or language constraints we grouped relevant search terms together, such as "Computer-Aided Design, CAD/CAM, dentistry, dental fabrication, restoration, additive manufacturing." We recognized publications individually and systematically screened titles, summaries, and complete texts of the obtained publications. The findings indicate that current knowledge is sufficient to recommend subtractive manufacturing for crowns and fixed dental restorations for routine clinical use, with improvements in each of the current metal-ceramic veneering materials and procedures. According to the review, several digital technologies, such as systems of computer aided design and aided manufacturing were used in different dental specialties. Application of CAD/CAM technology provided numerous benefits while posing few limitations.
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