A review on conversion techniques of liquid fuel from waste plastic materials

Mohanraj, C; Senthilkumar, T.; Chandrasekar, M.

doi:10.1002/er.3720

Cited by 61 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…This technique is useful in the fields which do not focus much on the properties of the material and where a wide variety of product quality is common such as in construction and household materials . Tertiary recycling involves the chemical treatment of plastic waste under suitable conditions to yield valuable commodity chemicals. , This type of recycling includes processes like hydrolysis where we heat or combust the plastic waste into either its monomers or other chemicals using specific conditions . The obtained product in this type can be further used to produce value-added chemicals or plastic products again.…”

Section: Conventional Methods Of Plastic Waste Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…91 Tertiary recycling involves the chemical treatment of plastic waste under suitable conditions to yield valuable commodity chemicals. 101,102 This type of recycling includes processes like hydrolysis where we heat or combust the plastic waste into either its monomers or other chemicals using specific conditions. 97 The obtained product in this type can be further used to produce valueadded chemicals or plastic products again.…”

Section: Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upcycling of Plastic Waste Using Photo-, Electro-, and Photoelectrocatalytic Approaches: A Way toward Circular Economy

Sajwan,

Sharma,

Sharma

et al. 2024

ACS Catal.

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Rapid industrialization and development have led to a tremendous increase in the use of various types of plastic commodities in daily life. For the past several years, plastic pollution has become a global issue, posing a serious threat to mankind. The primary issue with increasing plastic pollution is the lack of proper management which has created huge havoc in the environment. From the initial phase of plastic waste management, plastic waste has been discarded, recycled, downcycled, or dumped into landfills in a large proportion, causing extreme damage to the ecosystem. Conventionally, plastic waste is treated via thermal processes such as pyrolysis or incineration plants which require a large amount of capital and, therefore, harms the aim of circular economy. Chemical upcycling is gaining large attention as a high-potential catalytic strategy to convert waste plastics, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polystyrene, etc. to various fuels, functionalized polymers, and other value-added chemicals having a direct impact on affordability and viability. In this review, we have focused on the use of photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photoelectrocatalysis as effective and efficient plastic upcycling technologies. These approaches can lower the dependence on nonrenewable resources and, therefore, are more environmentally friendly in contrast to the conventional approaches. This review elaborately discusses the pros and cons of the conventional approaches and provides a detailed overview of the potential of renewable energy-driven approaches for the conversion of plastic wastes to valuable fuels and commodity chemicals, along with the challenges and future directions of this emerging approach for plastic waste treatment.

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Section: Conventional Methods Of Plastic Waste Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upcycling of Plastic Waste Using Photo-, Electro-, and Photoelectrocatalytic Approaches: A Way toward Circular Economy

Sajwan,

Sharma,

Sharma

et al. 2024

ACS Catal.

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“…Nevertheless, there are hundreds, if not thousands, of AF that can actually be used in cement plants [38] and further exploration is needed. For instance, pyrolysis oil derived from waste plastics (WPPO), which is a viable option due to waste plastics have always been a global issue [39,40], biodiesels that can be derived from various sources, such as waste coconut, sunflower, and palm cooking oils [41] as well as pyrolysis oil derived from waste tires [42].…”

Section: Alternative Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Utilization of Common Waste as an Alternative Fuel in the Cement Industry

Tan,

Mo,

Lin

et al. 2023

Advances in Civil Engineering

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As concrete is one of the most commonly used construction materials, there is a massive production of cement, which causes cement manufacturing to be an energy-intensive industry. A significant amount of the cost of cement production, ranging from 20% to 25%, is attributed to thermal energy. In addition, the action of mining and burning fossil fuels results in the unfavorable emission of hazardous compounds into the environment. Therefore, the switch from conventional fossil fuels to alternative fuels (AFs) in the cement manufacturing business has attracted attention due to environmental and financial concerns. In this paper, four commonly used AFs are discussed, which are waste tires, municipal solid waste, meat and bone meal, and sewage sludge. It is found that each AF has a unique calorific value and properties, attributed to its source, treatment, and technology. Furthermore, the availability of AF is important as the amount varies depending on the location. In addition, their effects on gaseous emissions from the cement plant and the quality of clinker are found to be inconsistent. Thus, there will not be a single best type of AF option to be used in the cement industry. A good AF should be able to provide sufficient thermal energy while reducing the environmental impacts and costs. A careful analysis and multicriteria decision-making approach are always vital when employing AFs in order to prevent environmental problems, cost increases, as well as clinker quality degradation.

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Recovery into Fuels

2018

Polymer Waste Management

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A review on conversion techniques of liquid fuel from waste plastic materials

Cited by 61 publications

References 83 publications

Upcycling of Plastic Waste Using Photo-, Electro-, and Photoelectrocatalytic Approaches: A Way toward Circular Economy

Upcycling of Plastic Waste Using Photo-, Electro-, and Photoelectrocatalytic Approaches: A Way toward Circular Economy

An Overview of the Utilization of Common Waste as an Alternative Fuel in the Cement Industry

Recovery into Fuels

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