A Review on Conventional and Advanced Methods for Nanotoxicology Evaluation of Engineered Nanomaterials

Taka, Anny Leudjo; Tata, Charlotte Mungho; Klink, Michael J.; Mbianda, Xavier Yangkou; Mtunzi, Fanyana M.; Naidoo, Eliazer Bobby

doi:10.3390/molecules26216536

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…This includes instrumental techniques such as precision-cut tissue slices, organ-on-chip, lateral flow immunoassay, high-throughput nanotoxicity screening, fluidic-based cell-on-chip, carbon fiber microelectrodes, biomimetic 3-d lung-on-a-chip, in vivo and ex vivo atomic force microscopy, among others. [ 163 ]. An emerging paradigm of prediction nanotoxicology also include the widespread use of computational methods based on including quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models, grouping/read-across approaches [ 164 ], molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations [ 165 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Toxicity Assessment, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of MXenes: A Review

et al. 2022

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MXenes are a family of two-dimensional (2D) composite materials based on transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides that have been attracting attention since 2011. Combination of electrical and mechanical properties with hydrophilicity makes them promising materials for biomedical applications. This review briefly discusses methods for the synthesis of MXenes, their potential applications in medicine, ranging from sensors and antibacterial agents to targeted drug delivery, cancer photo/chemotherapy, tissue engineering, bioimaging, and environmental applications such as sensors and adsorbents. We focus on in vitro and in vivo toxicity and possible mechanisms. We discuss the toxicity analogies of MXenes and other 2D materials such as graphene, mentioning the greater biocompatibility of MXenes. We identify existing barriers that hinder the formation of objective knowledge about the toxicity of MXenes. The most important of these barriers are the differences in the methods of synthesis of MXenes, their composition and structure, including the level of oxidation, the number of layers and flake size; functionalization, test concentrations, duration of exposure, and individual characteristics of biological test objects Finally, we discuss key areas for further research that need to involve new methods of nanotoxicology, including predictive computational methods. Such studies will bring closer the prospect of widespread industrial production and safe use of MXene-based products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Toxicity Assessment, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of MXenes: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Lately, molecular spectroscopy and microscopy techniques have become potent tools to study the physical and molecular interactions of NMs and cells, offering alternatives for understanding NMs activity (or toxicity). These techniques can measure morphological changes and observation of the spatial disposition of the materials inside and outside the cells [ 137 , 138 ].…”

Section: Atomic Force and Holotomography Microscopy In Cancer Microbi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Holotomography and atomic force microscopy: a powerful combination to enhance cancer, microbiology and nanotoxicology research

Medina-Ramirez,

Macias-Diaz,

Masuoka-Ito

et al. 2024

Discover Nano

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Modern imaging strategies are paramount to studying living systems such as cells, bacteria, and fungi and their response to pathogens, toxicants, and nanomaterials (NMs) as modulated by exposure and environmental factors. The need to understand the processes and mechanisms of damage, healing, and cell survivability of living systems continues to motivate the development of alternative imaging strategies. Of particular interest is the use of label-free techniques (microscopy procedures that do not require sample staining) that minimize interference of biological processes by foreign marking substances and reduce intense light exposure and potential photo-toxicity effects. This review focuses on the synergic capabilities of atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a well-developed and robust imaging strategy with demonstrated applications to unravel intimate details in biomedical applications, with the label-free, fast, and enduring Holotomographic Microscopy (HTM) strategy. HTM is a technique that combines holography and tomography using a low intensity continuous illumination laser to investigate (quantitatively and non-invasively) cells, microorganisms, and thin tissue by generating three-dimensional (3D) images and monitoring in real-time inner morphological changes. We first review the operating principles that form the basis for the complementary details provided by these techniques regarding the surface and internal information provided by HTM and AFM, which are essential and complimentary for the development of several biomedical areas studying the interaction mechanisms of NMs with living organisms. First, AFM can provide superb resolution on surface morphology and biomechanical characterization. Second, the quantitative phase capabilities of HTM enable superb modeling and quantification of the volume, surface area, protein content, and mass density of the main components of cells and microorganisms, including the morphology of cells in microbiological systems. These capabilities result from directly quantifying refractive index changes without requiring fluorescent markers or chemicals. As such, HTM is ideal for long-term monitoring of living organisms in conditions close to their natural settings. We present a case-based review of the principal uses of both techniques and their essential contributions to nanomedicine and nanotoxicology (study of the harmful effects of NMs in living organisms), emphasizing cancer and infectious disease control. The synergic impact of the sequential use of these complementary strategies provides a clear drive for adopting these techniques as interdependent fundamental tools. Graphical abstract

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Section: Nanotoxicology and Nanomedicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Holotomography and Atomic Force Microscopy: A Powerful Combination to Enhance Cancer, Microbiology and Nanotoxicology Research

Medina-Ramirez,

Macías-Díaz,

Masuoka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Modern imaging strategies are paramount to studying living systems such as cells, bacteria, and fungi and their response to pathogens, toxicants, and nanomaterials as modulated by exposure and environmental factors. The need to understand the processes and mechanisms of damage, healing and cell survivability of living systems continues to motivate the development of alternative imaging strategies. Of particular interest is the use of label-free techniques that minimize interference of biological processes by foreign marking substances and reduce intense light exposure and potential photo-toxicity effects. This review focus on the potential synergic capabilities of atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a well-developed and robust imaging strategy with demonstrated applications to unravel intimate details in biomedical applications, with the label-free, fast, and enduring Holotomographic Microscopy (HT) strategy. We first review the operating principles that form the basis for the complementary details provided by these techniques regarding the surface and internal information provided by HT and AFM is essential and complimentary for the development of several biomedical areas studying the interaction mechanisms of nanomaterials with living organisms. First, AFM can provide superb resolution on surface morphology and biomechanical characterization. Second, the quantitative phase capabilities of HT enable superb modeling and quantification of the volume, surface area, protein content, and mass density of the main components of cells and microorganisms, including morphology of cells in microbiological systems. These capabilities result from directly quantifying refractive index changes without requiring fluorescent markers or chemicals. As such, HT is ideally suited for long-term monitoring of living organisms in conditions close to their natural settings. We present a case-based review of the principal uses of both techniques and their essential contributions to nanomedicine and nanotoxicology, emphasizing cancer and infectious disease control. The synergic impact of the sequential use of these complementary strategies provides a clear drive for adopting these techniques as interdependent fundamental tools.

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A Review on Conventional and Advanced Methods for Nanotoxicology Evaluation of Engineered Nanomaterials

Cited by 17 publications

References 99 publications

Synthesis, Toxicity Assessment, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of MXenes: A Review

Synthesis, Toxicity Assessment, Environmental and Biomedical Applications of MXenes: A Review

Holotomography and atomic force microscopy: a powerful combination to enhance cancer, microbiology and nanotoxicology research

Holotomography and Atomic Force Microscopy: A Powerful Combination to Enhance Cancer, Microbiology and Nanotoxicology Research

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