“…The second big group is related to rural environmental monitoring [37]: (i) landslide and avalanche prevention [38], i.e., monitoring of soil moisture, vibrations, and earth density to detect dangerous patterns of inland conditions; (ii) earthquake early detection [39], i.e., distributed control in specific places of tremors; and (iii) forest fire detection [40], i.e., monitoring of combustion gases and preemptive fire conditions to define alert zones. A standalone section within rural monitoring is dedicated to agricultural monitoring [41] covering the following applications: (i) greenhouse parameter control [42], i.e., control of micro-climate conditions to maximize the production of fruits and vegetables and its quality; (ii) meteorological station network [43], i.e., monitoring of weather conditions in fields to forecast ice formation, rain drought, snow, or wind changes; (iii) animal tracking [44], i.e., location and identification of animals grazing in open pastures or location in big stables; (iv) wine production and quality enhancing [45], i.e., monitoring the productive cycle of high-quality wine; (v) monitoring of the toxic gas level of farm animals [46], i.e., a study of ventilation and air quality in farms and the detection of harmful gases from excrements; and (vi) compost monitoring [47], i.e., control of humidity and temperature levels in alfalfa, hay, straw, etc. to prevent fungus and other microbial contaminants.…”