A Review of Wireless-Sensor-Network-Enabled Building Energy Management Systems

Abstract

Reducing energy consumption within buildings has been an active area of research in the past decade; more recently, there has been an increased influx of activity, motivated by a variety of issues including legislative, tax-related, as well as an increased awareness of energy-related issues. Energy usage both in commercial and residential buildings represents a significant portion of overall energy consumption; however, much of this may be categorized as waste, that is, energy usage that does not fulfil a definite purpose. In the past decade, the viability of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies has been demonstrated, leading to increased possibilities for novel services for building energy management. This development has resulted in numerous approaches being proposed for harnessing WSNs for energy management and conservation. This article surveys the state-of-the-art in building energy management systems. A generic architecture is proposed after which a detailed taxonomy of existing documented systems is presented. Gaps in the literature are highlighted and directions for future research identified.Additional Key Words and Phrases: Applications of sensor and actuator networks, energy management and control, modelling of systems and physical environments, sensor fusion and distributed inference, simulation tools and environments, building energy management systems, energy usage feedback and control ACM Reference Format:

EPDL: Supporting Context-Based Energy Control Policy Design in IoT-Enabled Smart Buildings: Programing the Physical World with EPDL

“…building.floors ["3F"].spaces[" 3L-5"].sba_get_temperature (2) uri:sakamura-koshizuka-lab:names:dcrdl:1.0:function:get-space-temperature (3) The EPDL compiler consists of a source code parser, a semantic analyzer, and a rule generator. As shown in Figure 9, the code parser is implemented using Java Compiler Compiler (JavaCC) [25] and JJTree [26].…”

“…The smart building is a typical implementation of this vision. Sensors, meters and other smart devices that are deployed in buildings collect the massive information that related to energy consumption [2]. The context consisting of detailed energy related information enables flexible and fine-grained context-based control [3] on electricity appliances in smart buildings.…”

An Intelligent Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network System for Greenhouse Microenvironment Control and Assessment

“…The IEEE 802.15.4 based ZigBee (ZigBee Alliance, 2004) and a ZigBee-like propriety networking protocol, XMesh (Crossbow, 2007a), among others, ported to some of the node hardware platforms, have made significant impact on a broad range of applications. Over a few years, many applications of WSN have appeared in areas such as building automation (ZigBee Alliance, 2006), (Kazmi et al, 2014), health care (ZigBee Alliance, 2008), defense and surveillance (He et al, 2006), (Sun et al, 2011), precision agriculture (Burrell et al, 2004), (Tim et al, 2007), (Keshtgari and Deljoo, 2012), (Wu et al, 2015), disaster management (Ahmad et al, 2011), transportation systems (Katiyar et al, 2011), (Felemban and Sheikh, 2014), and others (Li and Xiong, 2013), (Mehdipour et al, 2013).…”

Power based event detection for electrical appliances

“…With the rapid development of the electronics industry and software industry, The authors in [8,9] ,propose the software and hardware realization of power load monitoring system based on embedded processor, but did not propose specific electricity monitoring method. At present, the United States and Japan are in the non intrusive online monitoring research, domestic research in this area is very little, is in the theoretical experimental stage.…”