A review of wheat leaf rust research and the development of resistant cultivars in Canada

McCallum, Brent D.; Hiebert, Colin W.; Cloutier, Sylvie; Bakkeren, Guus; Rosa, Sílvia Barcellos; Humphreys, D. G.; Marais, G. F.; McCartney, Curt A.; Panwar, Vinay; Rampitsch, Christof; Saville, Barry J.; Wang, Xiben

doi:10.1080/07060661.2016.1145598

Cited by 78 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Thus, PI272560 may be a promising source of resistance that may replace the currently widely used monogenic, Lr -gene-based, race-specific resistances against P. triticina in wheat that are always in danger to be overcome by emerging new races. Today, more than 70 resistance genes ( Lr -genes) against rust in wheat are known (Imbaby et al, 2014, reviewed by McCallum et al, 2016) but only a few Lr -genes were transferred to wheat cultivars as single genes or in combination (McIntosh et al, 1995; McCallum et al, 2016). However, most of these Lr -genes are race-specific in the sense of the gene-for-gene hypothesis (Flor, 1956).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These defense reactions occur after haustoria are formed (Southerton and Deverall, 1989). In contrast, Lr34 which is mainly used in cultivars in combination with other Lr -genes (McCallum et al, 2016) codes for an ATP binding cassette transporter. Similar to Lr46 and Lr67 it confers non-race-specific, quantitative resistance characterized by slow rusting (Krattinger et al, 2009, 2011; Risk et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscopic and Molecular Characterization of the Prehaustorial Resistance against Wheat Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) in Einkorn (Triticum monococcum)

et al. 2016

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Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici (Eriks.), the causal agent of leaf rust, causes substantial yield losses in wheat production. In wheat many major leaf rust resistance genes have been overcome by virulent races. In contrast, the prehaustorial resistance (phr) against wheat leaf rust detected in the diploid wheat Einkorn (Triticum monoccocum var. monococcum) accession PI272560 confers race-independent resistance against isolates virulent on accessions harboring resistance genes located on the A-genome of Triticum aestivum. Phr in PI272560 leads to abortion of fungal development during the formation of haustorial mother cells and to increased hydrogen peroxide concentration in comparison to the susceptible accession 36554 (Triticum boeoticum ssp. thaoudar var. reuteri). Increased peroxidase and endochitinase activity was detected in PI272560 within 6 h after inoculation (hai). Comparative transcriptome profiling using Massive Analysis of cDNA Ends (MACE) in infected and non-infected leaves detected 14220 differentially expressed tags in PI272560 and 15472 in accession 36554. Of these 2908 and 3004, respectively, could be assigned to Gene Ontology (GO) categories of which 463 were detected in both accessions and 311 were differentially expressed between the accessions. In accordance with the concept of non-host resistance in PI272560, genes with similarity to peroxidases, chitinases, β-1,3-glucanases and other pathogenesis-related genes were up-regulated within the first 8 hai, whereas up-regulation of such genes was delayed in 36554. Moreover, a Phosphoribulokinase gene contributing to non-host resistance in rice against stripe rust was exclusively expressed in the resistant accession PI272560. Gene expression underpinned physiological and phenotypic observations at the site of infection and are in accordance with the concept of non-host resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic and Molecular Characterization of the Prehaustorial Resistance against Wheat Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) in Einkorn (Triticum monococcum)

et al. 2016

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“…Host-plant resistance to wheat diseases is the most effective, environmentally and economically sustainable approach to reduce yield losses compared to the use of crop protection chemicals (Pretorius et al 2007;McCallum et al 2016). Breeding of wheat cultivars with durable resistance to rust diseases is the best control strategy (Kolmer 1996;Singh et al 2005).…”

Section: Cereal Research Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult plant resistance of selected Kenyan wheat cultivars to leaf rust and stem rust diseases

Figlan¹,

Baloyi²,

Hlongoane³

et al. 2017

Cereal Research Communications

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Phenotypic and genotypic evaluation of wheat genetic resources and development of segregating populations are pre-requisites for identifying rust resistance genes. The objectives of this study were to assess adult plant resistance (APR) of selected wheat genotypes to leaf rust and stem rust and to develop segregating populations for resistance breeding. Eight selected Kenyan cultivars with known resistance to stem rust, together with local checks were evaluated for leaf rust and stem rust resistance at seedling stage and also across several environments. Selected diagnostic markers were used to determine the presence of known genes. All eight cultivars were crossed with local checks using a bi-parental mating design. Seedling tests revealed that parents exhibited differential infection types against wheat rust races. Cultivars Paka and Popo consistently showed resistant infection types at seedling stage, while Gem, Romany, Pasa, Fahari, Kudu, Ngiri and Kariega varied for resistant and susceptible infection types depending on the pathogen race used. The control cultivars Morocco and McNair consistently showed susceptible infection types as expected. In the field, all cultivars except for Morocco showed moderate to high levels of resistance, indicating the presence of effective resistance genes. Using diagnostic markers, presence of Lr34 was confirmed in Gem, Fahari, Kudu, Ngiri and Kariega, while Sr2 was present in Gem, Romany, Paka and Kudu. Seedling resistance gene, Sr35, was only detected in cultivar Popo. Overall, the study developed 909 F 6:8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) as part of the nested mating design and are useful genetic resources for further studies and for mapping wheat rust resistance genes.

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“…Lr14a was the first leaf rust resistance gene derived from Hope wheat and integrated into the cultivars Renown, Regent, and Redman, which were commonly grown in the early 1940s. Unfortunately, the pathogen population defeated this resistance soon after it was employed (McCallum et al , ). Later, Selkirk provided improved leaf rust resistance ( Lr10 , Lr14a , and Lr16 ; Samborski, ; Martens et al , ), and was widely used.…”

Section: Cropping Practices and Disease Control: The Wheat Rust Storymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent resistance came from cultivars with Lr13 , such as Manitou and Neepawa, but again was soon defeated by the pathogen (Samborski, ), and for most years from 1968 to 1995 the incidence of leaf rust was moderate to severe (Table ). Soon after the deployment of Manitou and Neepawa, the virulence to Lr16 disappeared and Lr16 was reintroduced with Lr13 in later cultivars (McCallum et al , ). AC Barrie, the most widely grown wheat cultivar from 1998 to 2005, combined Lr13 and Lr16 and was initially resistant to the pathogen population.…”

Section: Cropping Practices and Disease Control: The Wheat Rust Storymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat diseases on the prairies: A Canadian story

et al. 2020

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Canada is one of the largest wheat producers in the world, and wheat is grown over an area spanning most of the southern latitudes, with the prairie region (provinces of Saskatchewan, Alberta, and Manitoba) being the main producer. Several pathogens and pests attack wheat, but at present fusarium head blight (FHB), stripe rust, and leaf spots are the most damaging diseases to wheat production in Canada. Historically, smuts, stem rust, and leaf rust caused major crop losses in Canada and can still pose serious threat if management practices are relaxed. Cropping practices used by Canadian farmers to grow and harvest wheat over the last century have influenced disease development and pathogen biology, affecting the severity, incidence, and prevalence of crop diseases over time. Changes such as reduced tillage coincide with emergence of residue‐borne diseases, such as FHB and leaf spots, while the deployment of resistant cultivars and increased fungicide use has resulted in the reduction of common bunt, stem, and leaf rust. This review will discuss the influence of long‐term cropping practices, alone or in combination, on the biology, emergence, and prevalence of wheat diseases in Canada over the last century.

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A review of wheat leaf rust research and the development of resistant cultivars in Canada

Cited by 78 publications

References 156 publications

Microscopic and Molecular Characterization of the Prehaustorial Resistance against Wheat Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) in Einkorn (Triticum monococcum)

Microscopic and Molecular Characterization of the Prehaustorial Resistance against Wheat Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) in Einkorn (Triticum monococcum)

Adult plant resistance of selected Kenyan wheat cultivars to leaf rust and stem rust diseases

Wheat diseases on the prairies: A Canadian story

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