A review of wearable technology in medicine

Iqbal, Mohammed Husnain; Aydın, Abdullatif; Brunckhorst, Oliver; Dasgupta, Prokar; Ahmed, Kamran

doi:10.1177/0141076816663560

Cited by 137 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Since development, HMDs have evolved from being heavy, obstructive, and wired devices to become light, seethrough, and wireless [3]. The HoloLens offers more immersive technology compared to previous HMD generations and may address the issues of hindered non-technical skills, registration difficulties, portability, sterility and several other factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there has been considerable literature concerning AR technologies, with studies describing a similar application of several HMDs, there are currently no published data evaluating the HoloLens as an endoscopic monitor in any surgical speciality. Studies which have been described suffered significant limitations due to the restricted technology of those devices utilised, including loss of spatial awareness, frequent spatial disorientation, extensive cabling, poor battery life and device discomfort [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of the HoloLens mixed-reality headset in minimally invasive surgery: a simulation-based feasibility study

et al. 2019

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Background The advent of Virtual Reality technologies presents new opportunities for enhancing current surgical practice. Studies suggest that current techniques in endoscopic surgery are prone to disturbance of a surgeon's visual-motor axis, influencing performance, ergonomics and iatrogenic injury rates. The Microsoft ® HoloLens is a novel head-mounted display that has not been explored within surgical innovation research. This study aims to evaluate the HoloLens as a potential alternative to conventional monitors in endoscopic surgery. Materials and methods This prospective, observational and comparative study recruited 72 participants consisting of novices (n = 28), intermediate-level (n = 24) and experts (n = 20). Participants performed ureteroscopy, within an inflatable operating environment, using a validated training model and the HoloLens mixed-reality device as a monitor. Novices also completed the assigned task using conventional monitors; whilst the experienced groups did not, due to their extensive familiarity. Outcome measures were procedural completion time and performance evaluation (OSATS) score. A final evaluation survey was distributed amongst all participants. Results The HoloLens facilitated improved outcomes for procedural times (absolute difference, − 73 s; 95% CI − 115 to − 30; P = 0.0011) and OSAT scores (absolute difference, 4.1 points; 95% CI 2.9-5.3; P < 0.0001) compared to conventional monitors. Feedback evaluation demonstrated 97% of participants agreed or strongly agreed that the HoloLens will have a role in surgical education (mean rating, 4.6 of 5; 95% CI 4.5-4.8). Furthermore, 95% of participants agreed or strongly agreed that the HoloLens is feasible to introduce clinically and will have a role within surgery (mean rating, 4.4 of 5; 95% CI 4.2-4.5). Conclusion This study demonstrates that the device facilitated improved outcomes of performance in novices and was widely accepted as a surgical visual aid by all groups. The HoloLens represents a feasible alternative to the conventional setup, possibly by aligning the surgeon's visual-motor axis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of the HoloLens mixed-reality headset in minimally invasive surgery: a simulation-based feasibility study

et al. 2019

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“…During the LESS, a small kinematic difference (e.g., knee angle 29 • , 1-error present; knee angle 30 • , 0-error absent) can result in poor agreement between raters and between clinical LESS scores and motion capture scores. Recent technological advances have allowed the more objective quantification of human motion using wearable technology [29,30]. Inertial measurement units are able to measure linear and angular motion of individual body segments and centre of mass, and are proposed as more accurate means of identifying risky movement patterns than through visual observations [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘DEEP’ Landing Error Scoring System

et al. 2020

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The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is an injury-risk screening tool used in sports; but scoring is time consuming, clinician-dependent, and generally inaccessible outside of elite sports. Our aim is to evidence that LESS scores can be automated using deep-learning-based computer vision combined with machine learning and compare the accuracy of LESS predictions using different video cropping and machine learning methods. Two-dimensional videos from 320 double-leg drop-jump landings with known LESS scores were analysed in OpenPose. Videos were cropped to key frames manually (clinician) and automatically (computer vision), and 42 kinematic features were extracted. A series of 10 × 10-fold cross-validation experiments were applied on full and balanced datasets to predict LESS scores. Random forest for regression outperformed linear and dummy regression models, yielding the lowest mean absolute error (1.23) and highest correlation (r = 0.63) between manual and automated scores. Sensitivity (0.82) and specificity (0.77) were reasonable for risk categorization (high-risk LESS ≥ 5 errors). Experiments using either a balanced (versus unbalanced) dataset or manual (versus automated) cropping method did not improve predictions. Further research on the automation would enhance the strength of the agreement between clinical and automated scores beyond its current levels, enabling quasi real-time scoring.

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“…Several HMD devices have been identified, which are currently utilized in surgery, imaging, simulation, education, and as a navigation tool (Banaee, Ahmed, & Loutifi, ; Inoue et al., ; Kim, Kim, & Kim, ; Maithel, Villegas, Stylopoulos, Dawson, & Jones, ; van Koesveld, Tetteroo, & de Graaf, ). Wearable technology, properly applied, could provide a more objective glimpse into the true nature of a patient's illness, allowing improvements in shared decision‐making (Iqbal, Aydin, Brunckhorst, Dasgupta, & Ahmed, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low‐cost multimodal head‐mounted display system for neuroendoscopic surgery

Zheng

Yao

et al. 2017

Brain and Behavior

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BackgroundWith rapid advances in technology, wearable devices as head‐mounted display (HMD) have been adopted for various uses in medical science, ranging from simply aiding in fitness to assisting surgery. We aimed to investigate the feasibility and practicability of a low‐cost multimodal HMD system in neuroendoscopic surgery.MethodsA multimodal HMD system, mainly consisted of a HMD with two built‐in displays, an action camera, and a laptop computer displaying reconstructed medical images, was developed to assist neuroendoscopic surgery. With this intensively integrated system, the neurosurgeon could freely switch between endoscopic image, three‐dimensional (3D) reconstructed virtual endoscopy images, and surrounding environment images. Using a leap motion controller, the neurosurgeon could adjust or rotate the 3D virtual endoscopic images at a distance to better understand the positional relation between lesions and normal tissues at will.ResultsA total of 21 consecutive patients with ventricular system diseases underwent neuroendoscopic surgery with the aid of this system. All operations were accomplished successfully, and no system‐related complications occurred. The HMD was comfortable to wear and easy to operate. Screen resolution of the HMD was high enough for the neurosurgeon to operate carefully. With the system, the neurosurgeon might get a better comprehension on lesions by freely switching among images of different modalities. The system had a steep learning curve, which meant a quick increment of skill with it. Compared with commercially available surgical assistant instruments, this system was relatively low‐cost.ConclusionsThe multimodal HMD system is feasible, practical, helpful, and relatively cost efficient in neuroendoscopic surgery.

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A review of wearable technology in medicine

Cited by 137 publications

References 27 publications

Effectiveness of the HoloLens mixed-reality headset in minimally invasive surgery: a simulation-based feasibility study

Effectiveness of the HoloLens mixed-reality headset in minimally invasive surgery: a simulation-based feasibility study

The ‘DEEP’ Landing Error Scoring System

A low‐cost multimodal head‐mounted display system for neuroendoscopic surgery

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