A Review of Water Isotopes in Atmospheric General Circulation Models: Recent Advances and Future Prospects

Xi, Xi

doi:10.1155/2014/250920

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The nudging technique is based on the idea that 'small-scale details are the results of the interplay between large-scale atmospheric flow and smaller-scale geographic features such as topography, land-sea distribution, or land use' (Von Storch et al 2000). Details of the assumptions and methodology behind such models are given in a recent review of Xi (2014). IsoGSM2 simulations are applied for obtaining estimates of vapour and rainwater isotopic compositions at two altitudes: ground level and 3000 m. Since these simulations are done over grids placed on the earth surface, we chose predictions at high horizontal resolution of 1.8 • × 1.8 • containing the sampling point for purpose of calculation and comparison.…”

Section: Isogsm2 Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture rainout fraction over the Indian Ocean during austral summer based on $$^{18}\hbox {O}/{}^{16}\hbox {O}$$ 18 O / 16 O ratios of surface seawater, rainwater at latitude range of 10°N–60°S

et al. 2018

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Oxygen isotope ratios (18 O/ 16 O) of surface seawater and rainwater samples from the Indian Ocean region (10 • N-60 • S) during austral summer collected onboard ORV Sagar Nidhi during 2011-2013 have been measured along with salinity, sea surface temperature and relative humidity. The rainwater is isotopically lighter (by 4.6±2.7 0 / 00) compared to the equilibrium condensation of the vapour arising from the seawater at the ambient condition. The isotopic composition of the vapour at high altitude responsible for the rain formation at the sampling location is estimated from a global atmospheric water isotope model (IsoGSM2). The apparent deficit of ∼5 0 / 00 can be explained by invoking a high degree of rainout (on average, about 70% of the overhead atmospheric moisture) during transport of the source vapour to the sampling location undergoing a Rayleigh fractionation. The required rainout fraction is higher (∼80%) in the latitude belt 40 •-60 • S compared to the equatorial belt (∼60%). The pattern of variation in the rainout fraction with latitude is consistent with the well-known evaporation/precipitation processes in the Indian Ocean.

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Section: Isogsm2 Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture rainout fraction over the Indian Ocean during austral summer based on $$^{18}\hbox {O}/{}^{16}\hbox {O}$$ 18 O / 16 O ratios of surface seawater, rainwater at latitude range of 10°N–60°S

et al. 2018

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“…Global gridded isotope product potentially serves as an alternative forcing of precipitation isotope data for tracer-aided hydrological models in large basins where high-frequency sampling work in a large region is not feasible. One of these options comes to outputs of the isotopic General or Regional Circulation Models (iGCM and iRCM, Noone and Sturm, 2010;Xi, 2014;Sturm et al, 2005Sturm et al, , 2007, which has been proved to have high performance on simulating the seasonal and spatial variations of isotopic signature of precipitation on regional and global scales (Wang et al, 2017;Yao et al, 2013). However, very few works have been conducted to test the behavior of such products on forcing hydrological models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we use precipitation isotope outputs of Isotopic General Circulation Models to improve hydrological modeling in large mountainous catchments on the Tibetan Plateau?

Nan

Wei

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Issues related to large uncertainty and parameter equifinality have posed big challenges for hydrological modeling in cold regions where runoff generation processes are particularly complex. Tracer-aided hydrological models coupling modules to simulate the transportation and fractionation of water stable isotope are increasingly used to constrain parameter uncertainty and refine the parameterizations of specific hydrological processes in cold regions. However, commonly unavailability of site sampling of spatially-distributed precipitation isotope hampers the practical applications of tracer-aided models in large scale catchments. This study, taken the precipitation isotope data (isoGSM) derived from the Isotopic General Circulation Models (iGCM) as an example, explored its utility in driving a tracer-aided hydrological model in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin (YTR, around 2 × 105 km2) on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The isoGSM product was first corrected based on the biases between gridded precipitation isotope estimates and limited site sampling measurements. Model simulations driven by the corrected isoGSM data were then compared with those forced by spatially interpolated precipitation isotope from site sampling measurements. Our results indicated that: (1) spatial precipitation isotope derived from the isoGSM data helped to reduce modeling uncertainty and improve parameter identifiability in a large mountainous catchment on the TP, in comparison to a calibration method using discharge and snow cover area fraction without any information of water isotope; (2) model parameters estimated by the corrected isoGSM data presented higher transferability to nested sub-basins and produced higher model performance in the validation period than that estimated by the interpolated precipitation isotope data from site sampling measurements; (3) model calibration procedure forced by the corrected isoGSM data successfully rejected parameter sets that overestimated glacier melt contribution and gave more reliable contributions of runoff components, indicating the corrected isoGSM data served as a better choice to provide informative spatial precipitation isotope than the interpolated data from site sampling measurements at macro scale. This work suggested plausible utility of combining isoGSM data with measurements from a sparse sampling network in improving hydrological modeling in large mountainous catchments.

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“…Because the simple Rayleigh model does not consider the replenishment of vapour and vapour isotopes in the air parcel, the simulated vapour isotopes are depleted at a much higher rate with a decrease of parcel temperature than observations (Dansgaard, 1964;Jouzel, 1986). In order to reproduce the variation of vapour isotopes in the atmosphere and to better simulate temporal and spatial variations of stable isotopes in precipitation, some researchers incorporated surface evaporation into the models (Joussaume et al, 1984;Hoffmann et al, 1998;Xi, 2014). For example, Yoshimura et al (2003Yoshimura et al ( , 2004, by including evaporated vapour as an input to a Rayleigh-type isotope circulation model, successfully simulated the short-term variability of δ 18 O in precipitation at three sites in Thailand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical experiments on the impacts of surface evaporation and fractionation factors on stable isotopes in precipitation

Guan

Zhang

et al. 2016

Asia-Pacific J Atmos Sci

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The isotope enabled atmospheric water balance model is applied to examine the spatial and temporal variations of δ 18 O in precipitation, amount effect and meteoric water lines (MWL) under four scenarios with different fractionation nature and surface evaporation inputs. The experiments are conducted under the same weather forcing in the framework of the water balance and stable water isotope balance. Globally, the spatial patterns of mean δ 18 O and global MWLs simulated by four simulation tests are in reasonably good agreement with the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation observations. The results indicate that the assumptions of equilibrium fractionation for simulating spatial distribution in mean annual δ 18 O and the global MWL, and kinetic fractionation in simulating δ 18 O seasonality are acceptable. In Changsha, four simulation tests all reproduce the observed seasonal variations of δ 18 O in precipitation. Compared with equilibrium fractionation, the depleted degree of stable isotopes in precipitation is enhanced under kinetic fractionation, in company with a decrease of isotopic seasonality and inter-event variability. The alteration of stable isotopes in precipitation caused by the seasonal variation of stable isotopes in vapour evaporated from the surface is opposite between cold and warm seasons. Four simulations all produce the amount effect commonly observed in monsoon areas. Under kinetic fractionation, the slope of simulated amount effect is closer to the observed one than other scenarios. The MWL for warm and humid climate in monsoon areas are well simulated too. The slopes and intercepts of the simulated MWLs decrease under kinetic fractionation.

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A Review of Water Isotopes in Atmospheric General Circulation Models: Recent Advances and Future Prospects

Cited by 24 publications

References 61 publications

Moisture rainout fraction over the Indian Ocean during austral summer based on $$^{18}\hbox {O}/{}^{16}\hbox {O}$$ 18 O / 16 O ratios of surface seawater, rainwater at latitude range of 10°N–60°S

Moisture rainout fraction over the Indian Ocean during austral summer based on $$^{18}\hbox {O}/{}^{16}\hbox {O}$$ 18 O / 16 O ratios of surface seawater, rainwater at latitude range of 10°N–60°S

Can we use precipitation isotope outputs of Isotopic General Circulation Models to improve hydrological modeling in large mountainous catchments on the Tibetan Plateau?

Numerical experiments on the impacts of surface evaporation and fractionation factors on stable isotopes in precipitation

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