A Review of Use FEM Techniques in Modeling of Human Knee Joint

Abstract

The human knee joint is very critical and complex joint of human body which is responsible for our optimal daily functions. It consists of various bones – femur, tibia, patella, fibula, different ligaments, cartilages, menisci and muscles. FEM is a very useful tool for the analysis of knee joint and various knee replacement products. In the knee replacement surgery a proper understanding of knee joint biomechanics is essential. Because of certain limitations of experimental studies, FEM analysis process is playing a significance role for prominent understanding of knee biomechanics and produced an effective and impressive tool for total knee replacement (TKR/TKA) or partial knee replacement (PKR/PKA). The aim of this paper is to give a review on FEM analysis of human knee joint and knee prosthesis devices and how much adequate this method for these type of analysis.

Finite element analysis of the effect of high tibial osteotomy correction angle on articular cartilage loading

“…Some other studies reviewed the biomechanical behavior of the knee joint and evaluated the use of finite element method in modeling this joint. [43][44][45][46][47] In the study of Fernandes, 48 a three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) model was developed to study the biomechanical behavior of the knee joint after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture and to compare the biomechanical changes induced by an isotropic Marlow and an isotropic Holzapfel-Gasser-Ogden (HGO) hyperelastic constitutive models when modeling the knee ligaments. The bones were defined as rigid bodies, and the articular cartilage and the menisci were modeled as linear elastic isotropic materials.…”

Finite element analysis of the tibial component alignment in a transverse plane in total knee arthroplasty

“…Previous studies have proven the importance of finite element in the orthopaedic field and have guided the surgeons to better position the tibial component in the sagittal and frontal planes. Still, the optimal positioning of the tibial component has not been defined in the rotational plane, thus resulting in higher revision rates (Sahu and Kaviti, 2016;Wernecke et al, 2016). Dong et al (2020) used the finite element method to simulate the effect of different angles in the three planes (frontal, sagittal and axial) to determine accurate positioning of the tibial component simultaneously in the three planes.…”

Relevance of Finite Element in Total Knee Arthroplasty - Literature Review

“…This means choosing the finite elements, determining the properties of the material and identifying stress conditions. The second stage consists of simulating various stress conditions for the modelled material and concluding with the parametric study (2).…”

“…A real prosthesis is scanned with a microlaser, then integrated into the software and a model is created through 3D elements. In the software the geometry, bone properties and the loading conditions are modelled (2). The purpose of this literature review is to highlight the relevance of FEM in TKA.…”