A review of tower flux observation sites in Asia

Mizoguchi, Yasuko; Miyata, Akira; Ohtani, Yoshikazu; Hirata, Ryuichi; Yuta, Satoko

doi:10.1007/s10310-008-0101-9

Cited by 59 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Three Russian sites (Tura (TUR), Neleger (NLG), Yakutsuk (YLF)) and Southern Khentei Taiga (SKT) in Mongolia are naturally regenerated forests, whereas three Japanese sites (CC-LaG experiment site (TSE), Tomakomai Flux Research site (TMK), Fuji Hokuroku Flux Observation site (FHK)) and Laoshan (LSH) in northeastern China are artificial plantations. These sites belong to the AsiaFlux network (Mizoguchi et al 2009) and cover a broad range of climatic values, with total annual precipitation ranging from 249 mm (NLG) to 1800 mm (FHK) and annual mean air temperatures from -9.4°C (NLG) to 9.2°C (FHK). Sites TUR, NLG and YLF are characterized by a severe continental boreal climate with cold winters and short, warm, dry summers, and the permafrost (Nakai et al 2008).…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and seasonal variations of CO₂flux and photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of larch forests in East Asia

Takagi

Hirata

Ide

et al. 2015

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Larch (Larix spp.) forests are predominantly distributed across high latitudes of Eurasia. They potentially have a strong influence on the terrestrial carbon and energy cycles, because of their vast area and the large carbon stocks in their peat soils in the permafrost. In this study, we elucidated intersite variation of ecosystem photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of eight larch forests in East Asia using the CarboEastAsia carbon flux and micrometeorology dataset. These parameters were determined using the empirical relationship between the carbon fluxes (photosynthesis and respiration) and micrometeorological variables (light and temperature). In addition, we examined leaf area index (LAI) determined by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensing data to explain the intersite variation. Linear or exponential relationships with annual mean temperature or seasonal maximum LAI at the study sites were found for the annual carbon fluxes (gross primary production [GPP] and total ecosystem respiration [RE]) as well as for four of the five seasonal maximum values of determined photosynthetic and respiratory parameters (maximum GPP at light saturation, initial slope of the light-response curve, daytime respiration, and RE at the reference temperature of 10°C). Phenological indices, such as start day of the growing season, growing season length and growing season degree days explained much of the intersite variation of GPP and RE of the studied larch forests; however, the relationship between MODIS LAI and photosynthetic or respiratory parameters implies that the intersite variation in GPP and RE was caused not only by the temperature variation (abiotic factor), but also by the variation in the photosynthetic and respiration activity by vegetation (biotic factor) through the change in leaf (or whole vegetation) biomass. Our analysis shows that MODIS LAI serves as a good index to explain the variation of the ecosystem photosynthetic and respiratory characteristics of East Asian larch forests.

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Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and seasonal variations of CO₂flux and photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of larch forests in East Asia

Takagi

Hirata

Ide

et al. 2015

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

Self Cite

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“…Despite the technique's utility, understanding these systems requires the continuous and long-term measurement of fluxes. The longest-running measurement of eddy flux was started in 1990 in Harvard Forest (Urbanski et al, 2007), and the measurement periods at most sites in Asia are less than 10 years (Mizoguchi et al, 2008). In addition, eddy flux measurements just after disturbance have been conducted at only a few forest sites (Kowalski et al, 2004;Takagi et al, 2009).…”

Section: R Hirata Et Al: Impact Of Climate Variation and Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of climate variation and disturbances on the carbon balance of forests in Hokkaido, Japan

et al. 2014

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Abstract. We evaluated the long-term (52-year) effect of climate, disturbance, and subsequent recovery on the carbon balance of cool temperate forests by using the processbased ecosystem model VISIT. The study sites were artificial larch forests planted after clear-cutting of mixed forest in Hokkaido, Japan. The model was validated, scenarios were computed, and a sensitivity analysis was performed. First, we performed a baseline simulation of carbon dynamics and compared these values with those observed across a wide range of stand ages (old mixed forest and young and middle-aged larch forests). Second, we ran scenarios to investigate how disturbance and several climate factors affect long-term carbon fluxes. Third, we analyzed the sensitivity of carbon balance to the amount of disturbance-generated tree biomass residues. By taking into account seasonal variation in the understory leaf area index, which played an important role, especially in the initial stage of recovery, the simulated net ecosystem production (NEP), gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, and biomass for the three types of forest were consistent with observed values (mean ± SD of R 2 of monthly NEP, GPP and RE for the three types of forest were 0.63 ± 0.26, 0.93 ± 0.07, 0.94 ± 0.2, respectively). The effect of disturbances such as clear-cutting, land-use conversion, and thinning on the long-term trend of NEP was larger than that of climate variation, even 50 years after clearcutting. In contrast, interannual variation in the carbon balance was primarily driven by climate variation. These findings indicate that disturbance controlled the long-term trend of the carbon balance, whereas climate factors controlled yearly variation in the carbon balance. Among the meteorological factors considered, temperature and precipitation were the main ones that affected NEP and its interannual variation. The carbon balance in the initial post-disturbance period, which is strongly affected by the amount of residues, influenced the subsequent long-term carbon budget, implying the importance of residue management. Consequently, carbon release just after disturbance and the length of the recovery period required to balance the carbon budget are controlled by the amount of residues.

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“…The sites include the Tomakomai site (TMK), Japan; the Laoshan site (LSH), China; the Southern Khentii Taiga site (SKT), Mongolia; the Yakutsk site (YLF), Russia; the Neleger site (NEL), Russia; and the Tura site (TUR) in Russia. These sites are part of the AsiaFlux network Saigusa et al, 2008;Mizoguchi et al, 2009), covering a broad range of climate with annual precipitation totals from 240 mm to 1750 mm per year and annual mean air temperatures from −10 • C to 10 • C. In terms of seasonal climatic variations (Fig. 2), TMK is characterized as a cool temperate climate with a cool early summer, warm winter and spring, and high humidity over the course of the year (low summer VPD and sufficient precipitation).…”

Section: Site Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating carbon and water cycles of larch forests in East Asia by the BIOME-BGC model with AsiaFlux data

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Larch forests are widely distributed across many cool-temperate and boreal regions, and they are expected to play an important role in global carbon and water cycles. Model parameterizations for larch forests still contain large uncertainties owing to a lack of validation. In this study, a process-based terrestrial biosphere model, BIOME-BGC, was tested for larch forests at six AsiaFlux sites and used to identify important environmental factors that affect the carbon and water cycles at both temporal and spatial scales.The model simulation performed with the default deciduous conifer parameters produced results that had large differences from the observed net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE), and evapotranspiration (ET). Therefore, we adjusted several model parameters in order to reproduce the observed rates of carbon and water cycle processes. This model calibration, performed using the AsiaFlux data, substantially improved the model performance. The simulated annual GPP, RE, NEE, and ET from the calibrated model were highly consistent with observed values.The observed and simulated GPP and RE across the six sites were positively correlated with the annual mean air temCorrespondence to: M. Ueyama (miyabi-flux@muh.biglobe.ne.jp) perature and annual total precipitation. On the other hand, the simulated carbon budget was partly explained by the stand disturbance history in addition to the climate. The sensitivity study indicated that spring warming enhanced the carbon sink, whereas summer warming decreased it across the larch forests. The summer radiation was the most important factor that controlled the carbon fluxes in the temperate site, but the VPD and water conditions were the limiting factors in the boreal sites. One model parameter, the allocation ratio of carbon between belowground and aboveground, was site-specific, and it was negatively correlated with the annual climate of annual mean air temperature and total precipitation. Although this study substantially improved the model performance, the uncertainties that remained in terms of the sensitivity to water conditions should be examined in ongoing and long-term observations.

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A review of tower flux observation sites in Asia

Cited by 59 publications

References 39 publications

Spatial and seasonal variations of CO₂flux and photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of larch forests in East Asia

Spatial and seasonal variations of CO₂flux and photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of larch forests in East Asia

The impact of climate variation and disturbances on the carbon balance of forests in Hokkaido, Japan

Simulating carbon and water cycles of larch forests in East Asia by the BIOME-BGC model with AsiaFlux data

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A review of tower flux observation sites in Asia

Cited by 59 publications

References 39 publications

Spatial and seasonal variations of CO2flux and photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of larch forests in East Asia

Spatial and seasonal variations of CO2flux and photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of larch forests in East Asia

The impact of climate variation and disturbances on the carbon balance of forests in Hokkaido, Japan

Simulating carbon and water cycles of larch forests in East Asia by the BIOME-BGC model with AsiaFlux data

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Spatial and seasonal variations of CO₂flux and photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of larch forests in East Asia

Spatial and seasonal variations of CO₂flux and photosynthetic and respiratory parameters of larch forests in East Asia