A review of thermal runaway prevention and mitigation strategies for lithium-ion batteries

Shahid, Seham; Agelin‐Chaab, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.ecmx.2022.100310

Cited by 47 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…What causes this to happen? The first reason is their chemistry: Lithium-ion batteries use lithium compounds as a key component [18]. Lithium is highly reactive, especially when it comes into contact with oxygen or moisture [19].…”

Section: Electric Vehicle Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of phase change materials in battery thermal management systems for electric vehicles: a review

Dolla,

Fetene

2024

Mater. Res. Express

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Taking advantage of electric vehicles' low pollution, the world is changing its face to electric vehicle (EV) production. As EVs rely heavily on specialized batteries, it's important to manage them safely and properly to prevent thermal runaway. High ambient temperatures and varied charging/discharging rates increases battery temperature. To address these challenges, Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) come into play. This work focuses on passive cooling in BTMS, which is one of two categories of BTMS, with the other being active cooling using liquid-air systems. Passive BTMS has gained prominence in research due to its cost-effectiveness, reliability, and energy efficiency, as it avoids the need for additional components like pumps/fans. This article specifically discusses recent experimental studies regarding phase change material (PCM)-based thermal management techniques for battery packs. It explores methods for enhancing thermal conductivity in PCMs and identifies methodologies for BTMS experiments using PCMs. Also recommends the importance of optimization techniques like machine learning, temperature sensors, and state-of-charge management, to ensure accuracy and uniform temperature distribution across the pack. While paraffin wax has been a popular choice in experimental studies for its capacity to absorb and release heat during phase transitions, as a matter of its low thermal conductivity (0.2 to 0.3 Wk-1m-1) limits reaction in rapid charging/discharging of batteries. So integration with highly thermally conductive additives is recommended. Additives such as heat pipes offer superior thermal conductivity compared to expanded graphite (5 to 200 Wk-1m-1). As a result, the integration of heat pipes further reduces the temperature of battery by 28.9% in addition to the reduction of 33.6% by pure PCMs in time of high charge/discharge rates (5C to 8C). So high-conductivity additives correlate directly with improved thermal performance and are essential for maintaining optimal battery temperatures and overall reliability in EV battery packs.

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Section: Electric Vehicle Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of phase change materials in battery thermal management systems for electric vehicles: a review

Dolla,

Fetene

2024

Mater. Res. Express

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“…Of these, gassing and thermal runaway are considered as critical areas of interest particularly when batteries are operated in abusive conditions, which includes operation outside the temperature limits, overcharging, and cell deformation due to puncturing or crushing. [110][111][112] Gas evolution in LIBs primarily arises from the decomposition of the electrolytes receiving a higher charging voltages at both the electrodes 113 and structural changes in the cathode. 114 Gas build-up causes swelling inside the cell; this worsens the contact between particles, which results in a sudden increase in electrical resistance; increased pressure may also lead to sudden cell failures, and the cell might eventually rupture.…”

Section: Some Other Miscellaneous Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism Of Battery Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding the puzzle: recent breakthroughs in understanding degradation mechanisms of Li-ion batteries

Singh,

Hassan,

Bathula

et al. 2023

Dalton Trans.

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“…However, behind the high sales volume is also hidden a huge security risk. In recent years, with the gradual maturity of lithium-ion battery technology, the increasing energy density of lithium-ion batteries and the increasing number of batteries used, electric vehicles have experienced frequent spontaneous combustion accidents [4]. According to statistics, in the first quarter of 2022 alone, there were 640 spontaneous combustion accidents of electric vehicles, an increase of 31% year-on-year, including many well-known brands such as Já dy, Tesla, and Xiaopeng.…”

Section: Figure 1 Global Shipments Of Lithium Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of Nanofluid Heat Pipes in Automotive Lithium-ion Battery Heat Management Technology

Wang¹,

Zhao²,

Jin³

2023

Tr Ren Energy

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Power batteries are a crucial component of electric vehicles and other electric equipment. Their long-term high-rate discharge generates a lot of heat, which can lead to battery failure, shortened battery life, and even safety accidents if not managed properly. Due to its high thermal conductivity, the heat pipe can quickly conduct heat away from the battery and separate the heat source from the heat sink. In addition, due to its excellent isothermal performance, the heat pipe can also achieve the characteristics of low-temperature preheating and high-temperature cooling of the power battery by reducing the inhomogeneity of the battery temperature field to reduce the temperature difference. In this paper, we review the current state of the art in thermal management of automotive lithium-ion battery, and highlight the current state of thermal management of batteries based on the combination of nanofluids and heat pipes. Finally, the development of nanofluidic heat pipes in lithium-ion battery heat management systems is prospected.

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A review of thermal runaway prevention and mitigation strategies for lithium-ion batteries

Cited by 47 publications

References 128 publications

Investigations of phase change materials in battery thermal management systems for electric vehicles: a review

Investigations of phase change materials in battery thermal management systems for electric vehicles: a review

Decoding the puzzle: recent breakthroughs in understanding degradation mechanisms of Li-ion batteries

Research Progress of Nanofluid Heat Pipes in Automotive Lithium-ion Battery Heat Management Technology

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