“…However, such models require the knowledge of the parameters governing groundwater flow (e.g., hydraulic conductivity and specific storage) and heat transport (e.g., thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity, flow rate). In situ tests, such as thermal response tests [12,13] or laboratory measurements [14] are sometimes possible, but the values obtained may deliver only well-centered information or may not always (if not at all) be representative of in situ conditions at a larger scale. Such data are often scarce if not missing and authors often have to rely on standard calculation charts, values found in the literature, or simply default values implemented in standard software (e.g., [15][16][17][18]).…”