A Review of Theory and Research on Drinking Patterns among Jews

Flasher, Lydia V.; Maisto, Stephen A.

doi:10.1097/00005053-198410000-00002

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In line with the AcH hypothesis, the ADH2*2 allele has been found to protect against alcohol abuse and alcoholism in both Asian (Chao et al, 1994(Chao et al, , 1997Chen et al, 1996Chen et al, , 1997Chen et al, , 1999aHiguchi, 1994;Higuchi et al, 1996;Muramatsu et al, 1995;Nakamura et al, 1996;Shen et al, 1997;Tanaka et al, 1996Thomasson et al, 1991 and white (Borras et al, 2000;Neumark et al, 1998;Whitfield et al, 1998) populations. This effect may be of practical consequence especially in Jewish populations, as seen by the rather high prevalence of the ADH2*2 allele (Neumark et al, 1998), alcohol sensitivity (Monteiro et al, 1991), and low frequency of alcoholism (see review by Flasher and Maisto, 1984). The ADH3*1 allele also may play a protective role in alcohol drinking behavior (Chao et al, 1994;Chen et al, 1996Chen et al, , 1997Higuchi et al, 1996;Nakamura et al, 1996;Shen et al, 1997;Thomasson et al, 1991Thomasson et al, , 1994; see also discussion by Eriksson et al, 2001).…”

Section: The Role Of Acetaldehyde On Drinking Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Alcohol (Update 2000)

Eriksson

2001

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

226

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Recent advances in the field of acetaldehyde (AcH) research have raised the need for a comprehensive review on the role of AcH in the actions of alcohol. This update is an attempt to summarize the available AcH research.Methods: The descriptive part of this article covers not only recent research but also the development of the field. Special emphasis is placed on mechanistic analyses, new hypotheses, and conclusions.Results: Elevated AcH during alcohol intoxication causes alcohol sensitivity, which involves vasodilation associated with increased skin temperature, subjective feelings of hotness and facial flushing, increased heart and respiration rate, lowered blood pressure, sensation of dry mouth or throat associated with bronchoconstriction and allergy reactions, nausea and headache, and also reinforcing reactions like euphoria. These effects seem to involve catecholamine, opiate peptide, prostaglandin, histamine, and/or kinin mechanisms. The contribution of AcH to the pathological consequences of chronic alcohol intake is well established for different forms of cancer in the digestive tract and the upper airways. AcH seems to play a role in the etiology of liver cirrhosis. AcH may have a role in other pathological developments, which include brain damage, cardiomyopathy, pancreatitis, and fetal alcohol syndrome. AcH creates both unpleasant aversive reactions that protect against excessive alcohol drinking and euphoric sensations that may reinforce alcohol drinking. The protective effect of AcH may be used in future treatments that involve gene therapy with or without liver transplantation.Conclusions: AcH plays a role in most of the actions of alcohol. The individual variability in these AcH-mediated actions will depend on the genetic polymorphism, not only for the alcohol and AcHmetabolizing enzymes but also for the target sites for AcH actions. The subtle balance between aversive and reinforcing, protecting and promoting factors will determine the overall behavioral and pathological developments.

show abstract

Section: The Role Of Acetaldehyde On Drinking Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Alcohol (Update 2000)

Eriksson

2001

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

226

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to some mixing of population subgroups within the three neighborhoods, final determination of Ashkenazi, Sephardic, or recent Russian immigrant status used self-reported origin (Flasher and Maisto, 1984). Ashkenazi origin (n ϭ 23) included Europe, the Americas, Australia, South Africa, or the FSU (arriving before 1989).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jewish individuals generally drink less and have lower rates of alcohol-use disorders than other Caucasians (Levav et al, 1997;Yeung and Greenwald, 1992). Older social explanations of the lower rates that are based on religious practices (Bales, 1962;Snyder, 1958) are no longer accepted (Flasher and Maisto, 1984). Furthermore, empirical data (Hasin and Kohn, unpublished data, 2002) from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study (Regier et al, 1990) show that the level of religiosity cannot explain the low level of alcohol problems in Jews compared with other groups.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Dependence Symptoms and Alcohol Dehydrogenase 2 Polymorphism: Israeli Ashkenazis, Sephardics, and Recent Russian Immigrants

Hasin

Aharonovich

Liu

et al. 2002

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The classes encourage students to examine their cultural norms and question their roles in fostering and maintaining those norms. Previous research has indicated that alcohol consumption and other alcohol-related effects are associated with demographic factors, including ethnic and other group norms (Flasher & Maisto, 1984;Robins, 1984;Vaillant, 1983;Watts & Rabow, 1983). Hence, this component was designed to address the role that norms play in the onset of substance abuse.…”

Section: Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two-Year Evaluation of the Wood Rock Youth Development Project

LoSciuto

Hilbert

Fox

et al. 1999

The Journal of Early Adolescence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efficacy of a school-based initiative in reducing and/or preventing alcohol, tobacco, and drug (ATD) use in "at-risk" youth was examined. This evaluation represents a final report on the Woodrock Youth Development Project (YDP). Data from two cohorts, representing two academic program years, were combined to yield a final sample of 718 elementary and middle school youth. Youth were assigned randomly to either an experimental or control condition. Surveys containing several psychosocial measures were administered at pretest and posttest. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to examine the impact of YDP on ultimate and intermediate outcome variables. Findings indicated that YDP participation was related to significant reductions in self-reported substance abuse in the last month and in lifetime as well as improvements in race relations and self-reported school attendance. The findings are discussed in relation to the program and other prevention efforts.The primary goal of the Woodrock Youth Development Project (YDP) is to reduce and/or maintain low levels of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATD) abuse among "at-risk" elementary and middle school minority students while improving the lives of participants in meaningful and practical ways. To achieve these aims, the YDP implements a program that combines three major prevention strategies. These strategies include the following: (a) to improve family, school, and community supports that are available to youth, (b) to help them to develop general living and interpersonal skills, and (c) to 488

show abstract

A Review of Theory and Research on Drinking Patterns among Jews

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Alcohol (Update 2000)

The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Alcohol (Update 2000)

Alcohol Dependence Symptoms and Alcohol Dehydrogenase 2 Polymorphism: Israeli Ashkenazis, Sephardics, and Recent Russian Immigrants

A Two-Year Evaluation of the Wood Rock Youth Development Project

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About