A review of the treatment options for marine plastic waste in South Africa

Williams-Wynn, Mark D.; Naidoo, Paramespri

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111785

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…This creates the plastic pollutions to the aquatic medium ( Figure 12 ). Marine plastic adsorbs toxins and organic contaminants, which ensures the pollutant particles bind as a toxic film to the surface of the plastic ( Williams-Wynn and Naidoo, 2020 ). As a result, it is also possible to poison the marine animals, which ingest plastic.…”

Section: Impact Of Mask Waste On Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recycled plastics are sold to local plastic manufacturing firms that can ultimately manufacture useful products such as engine oil, textile, footwears, and concrete additives. These process is financially not feasible as it is expensive, hence as an alternative way, the automated separation of various plastics could be adopted prior to the shredding ( Williams-Wynn and Naidoo, 2020 ).…”

Section: Solutions To Reduce the Mask Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this strategy, rotation of the mask used each day can be carried out, allowing them to dry for long enough periods so that the virus is no longer viable (> 72 hours) ( SAGES Webmaster, 2020 ). Proper storage for this technique requires either hanging the face masks to dry, or keeping them in a clean, breathable container like a paper bag between uses ( Vanapalli et al, 2021 ; Williams-Wynn and Naidoo, 2020 ). Re-processing/decontamination is carried out by various methods like moist heat, dry heat, UV treatment, hydrogen peroxide(H 2 O 2 ) vaporization.…”

Section: Solutions To Reduce the Mask Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These extracted recycled polyethylene and polypropylene derivatives were used in road construction as a partial replacement for asphalt/bitumen ( Williams-Wynn and Naidoo, 2020 ). There has been a great deal of research on the replacement of bitumen with plastics, use of plastics in asphalt-concrete mixtures ( Appiah et al, 2017 ; Awoyera and Adesina, 2020 ; Bahij et al, 2020 ; Biswas et al, 2020 ; del Rey Castillo et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Solutions To Reduce the Mask Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental challenges induced by extensive use of face masks during COVID-19: A review and potential solutions

Selvaranjan

Navaratnam

Rajeev

et al. 2021

Environmental Challenges

288

193

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The ongoing COVID-19 disease significantly affects not only human health, it also affects the wealth of country’ economy and everyday routine of human life. To control the spread of the virus, face mask is used as primary personal protective equipment (PPE). Thus, the production and usage of face masks significantly increase as the COVID-19 pandemic still escalating. Further, most of these masks contain plastics or other derivatives of plastics. Therefore, this extensive usage of face masks generates million tons of plastic wastes to the environments in a short span of time. This study aims to investigate the environmental impact induced by face mask wastes and sustainable solution to reduce this waste. An online survey was carried out to identify the types of face mask and number of masks used per week by an individual from 1033 people. Based on this survey and available literature, this study quantifies the amount of plastics waste generated by face masks. However, this survey was limited with certain ages, country and durations (July–August 2020). Thus, the prediction of plastic waste generation, only provide fundamental knowledge about the mask wastes. Results revealed that there is a huge plastic waste remained in land and marine environment in the form of mask waste, which will contribute to micro-plastic pollution. Therefore, this paper also highlights the sustainable approach to the mask production by integrating the use of natural plant fiber in the woven face mask technology to reduce the plastic waste induced by masks. Further, upcycling the mask waste and producing construction materials also discussed.

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Section: Impact Of Mask Waste On Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solutions To Reduce the Mask Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solutions To Reduce the Mask Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solutions To Reduce the Mask Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Environmental challenges induced by extensive use of face masks during COVID-19: A review and potential solutions

Selvaranjan

Navaratnam

Rajeev

et al. 2021

Environmental Challenges

288

193

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, adding 0.1% to 2% (by volume) of fibers can help prepare lightweight structures with high tensile strength, crack resistance, durability, and good freeze/thaw protection quality ( Banthia and Gupta, 2006 , Hanumesh et al, 2018 , Mohammadhosseini et al, 2020a , Wu et al, 2020 ). The application of PP fibers to asphalt/bitumen for road construction and lightweight concrete has presented promising results ( del Rey Castillo et al, 2020 , Tapkin et al, 2011 , Williams-Wynn and Naidoo, 2020 ). Saberian et al (2021) utilized single-use face mask waste to prepare pavement base/sub-base with improved ductility, flexibility, and compressive strength.…”

Section: Face Mask Waste Management (Valorization)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the valorization options for the proper disposal of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic

Badiei¹,

Sopian

2021

Environmental Technology & Innovation

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The COVID-19 pandemic has affected not only human health and economies but also the environment due to the large volume of waste in the form of discarded personal protective equipment. The remarkable increase in the global usage of face masks, which mainly contain polypropylene, and improper waste management have led to a serious environmental challenge called microplastic pollution. Potential practices for waste management related to waste valorization of discarded face masks as the major type of waste during the COVID-19 pandemic are explored in this study. Recommendations based on governmental practices, situation of state facilities, and societal awareness and engagement applicable to emergency (including COVID-19 pandemic) and postpandemic scenarios are offered while considering potential solutions and available waste management practices in different countries during emergency conditions. However, multicriteria decision making for a country must determine the optimal solution for waste management on the basis of all affecting factors. Awareness of scientific, governments, and communities worldwide will successfully eradicate this important environmental issue.

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First Evidence of Microplastic Ingestion by Riverine Fish From the Freshwater of Northwest Peninsular Malaysia

Yamen,

Samsudin,

Azid

et al. 2024

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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In a baseline study, we investigated microplastic contamination in fish from the Pinang and Kerian Rivers in Northwest Peninsular Malaysia. In recognition of the growing concern over microplastic pollution in aquatic environments, we aimed to assess the abundance and characteristics of microplastics ingested by various fish species. Fish samples were collected from local fishermen, followed by a digestion process using 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH). Microplastics were isolated and analyzed through visual examination and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results revealed a high prevalence of microplastics, with Johnius borneensis and Oreochromis sp. exhibiting the highest abundance, averaging 48.6 and 42.8 microplastics/g, respectively. The predominant shapes were fibers (55.6%) and fragments (25.9%), with colors primarily transparent (48.19%) and black (30.12%). Our results indicate significant contamination levels in freshwater fish, emphasizing the need for further research and effective mitigation strategies. These findings provide crucial baseline data on microplastics in Malaysian freshwater ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1–10. © 2024 SETAC

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A review of the treatment options for marine plastic waste in South Africa

Cited by 23 publications

References 66 publications

Environmental challenges induced by extensive use of face masks during COVID-19: A review and potential solutions

Environmental challenges induced by extensive use of face masks during COVID-19: A review and potential solutions

Review of the valorization options for the proper disposal of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic

First Evidence of Microplastic Ingestion by Riverine Fish From the Freshwater of Northwest Peninsular Malaysia

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