A review of the treatment and immunization ornamental fish and cultured fish from common bacterial diseases

Abstract

This review aims to clarify and define bacterial diseases that affect ornamental fish, cultured fish and ways to treat and prevent them to decrease the risk of infection. In aquarium and ponds there are two types of bacteria classified as good bacteria and bad bacteria, the good bacteria (Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter) maintains the nitrogen cycle of the aquarium, while the bad bacteria causes many diseases which lead to dying in aquarium fish if not treated early. Bacterial diseases are often secondary infection to an imbalance in the environmental conditions such as poor water quality and improper handling of aquarium. The Major aquarium fish bacterial pathogens are: Edwardsiella sp., Aeromonas complex., Flexibacter, sp., Pseudomonas sp., Vibrio sp and Mycobacteria sp.
 Bacterial diseases treated with antibiotics, preferably in quarantine. Vaccinations are still uncommon for aquarium fish, but common used in fish farms.