A review of the status of the larval parasitoid, &lt;i&gt;Asecodes hispinarum&lt;/i&gt; Boucek, and of the pupal parasitoid, &lt;i&gt;Tetrastichus brontispae&lt;/i&gt; Ferriere (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), as biological control agents of the coconut leaf beetle, &lt;i&gt;Brontispa longissima&lt;/i&gt; (Gestro) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae), in the Asia-Pacific Region

He, Liansheng; Din, Zuria Mohama; Lai, Yap Mei

doi:10.9784/leb2(1)he.01

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…As an invading pest, B. longissima has high risk and great harm. The results showed that most effective measures for comprehensive treatment of B. longissima are to strengthen the quarantine work during the transport of B. longissima host seedlings to prevent their spread, and then use chemical agents [9] or parasitic bees [45] to kill them in the occurrence area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Markers for Analysis of Population Structure and Invasion Pathway in the Coconut Leaf Beetle Brontispa longissima (Gestro) Using Restriction Site-Associated DNA (RAD) Genotyping in Southern China

Chen

Wang

Li³

et al. 2020

Insects

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To determine population genomic structure through high-throughput sequencing techniques has revolutionized research on non-model organisms. The coconut leaf beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro), is a widely distributed pest in Southern China. Here, we used restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) genotyping to assess the invasion pathway by detecting and estimating the degree of genetic differentiation among 51 B. longissima accessions collected from Southern China. A total of 10,127 SNPs were obtained, the screened single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) information was used to construct the phylogenetic tree, FST analysis, principal component analysis, and population structure analysis. Genetic structure analysis was used to infer the population structure; the result showed that all accessions were divided into Hainan population and non-Hainan population. The Hainan population remained stable, only the Sansha population differentiated, and the non-Hainan populations have gradually differentiated into smaller sub-populations. We concluded that there are two sources of invasion of B. longissima into mainland China: Taiwan and Hainan. With the increase of the invasion time, the Hainan population was relatively stable, and the Taiwan population was differentiated into three sub-populations. Based on the unrooted phylogenetic tree, we infer that Taiwan and Hainan are the two invasive base points. The Taiwan population invaded Fujian, Guangdong, and Guangxi, while the Hainan population invaded Yunnan and Sansha. Our results provide strong evidence for the utility of RAD sequencing (RAD-seq) in population genetics studies, and our generated SNP resource could provide a valuable tool for population genomics studies of B. longissima in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Markers for Analysis of Population Structure and Invasion Pathway in the Coconut Leaf Beetle Brontispa longissima (Gestro) Using Restriction Site-Associated DNA (RAD) Genotyping in Southern China

Chen

Wang

Li³

et al. 2020

Insects

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Degree of damage and infestation of coconut leaf beetle Brontispa longissima (Gestro) on seedlings of selected coconut varieties

Cabelin

Ceniza

2021

ATR

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The Coconut Leaf Beetle, scientifically known as Brontispa longissima (Gestro), is an introduced species that is becoming an alarming pest of coconuts in the Philippines. The infestation caused by this pest is damaging to all stages of coconut growth. This study was conducted to assess the degree of damage and infestation caused by Brontispa longissima on the seedlings of 10 selected tall and dwarf coconut varieties in the National Coconut Research Center at Visayas State University, Leyte, Philippines. Among the selected varieties, seedlings of Baybay Tall (green and brown) and Albuera Dwarf varieties succumbed to more damage by B. longissima beetles compared with the other varieties observed with 41-80% of the first openned leaf area damaged. Seedlings of Malayan Yellow Dwarf and Malayan Red Dwarf varieties had the least damage with 0-20% of the first openned leaf area damaged. The high damage ratings of Baybay Tall and Albuera Dwarf were expected because these varieties had high infestation rates and harbored the most numbers of B. longissima adults, eggs, and larval stages, which indicated the preference of B. longissima for these varieties. The developmental period of B. longissima in Baybay Tall and Albuera Dwarf of 44 days and 45 days on the average, respectively, was shorter than in other varieties, indicating that these are suitable and preferred hosts. Baybay Tall seemed to be the most preferred variety. The beetles had least preference for Malayan Yellow Dwarf and Malayan Red Dwarf varieties.

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The Cellular Immunological Responses and Developmental Differences between Two Hosts Parasitized by Asecodes hispinarum

Chen

et al. 2022

Life

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This study aims to investigate the developmental interactions of Asecodes hispinarum Bouček on Brontispa longissima Gestro and Octodonta nipae Maulik, as well as the cellular immune responses of B. longissima and O. nipae larvae in response to parasitism by A. hispinarum, with the hope of determining the reason for the difference in larval breeding of A. hispinarum in B. longissima and O. nipae. The effects of parasitism by A. hispinarum on the larval development, hemocyte count, and proportion of the hemocyte composition of the two hosts were carried out through selective assay and non-selective assay using statistical analysis and anatomical imaging. There was no significant difference in parasitic selection for A. hispinarum on the larvae of these two beetles; however, more eggs were laid to B. longissima larvae than to O. nipae larvae after parasitism by A. hispinarum. The eggs of A. hispinarum were able to grow and develop normally inside the larvae of B. longissima, and the parasitism caused the larvae of B. longissima become rigid within 7 d, with a high larval mortality rate of 98.88%. In contrast, the eggs of A. hispinarum were not able to develop normally inside the O. nipae larvae, with a high encapsulation rate of 99.05%. In addition, the parasitism by A. hispinarum caused a 15.31% mortality rate in O. nipae larvae and prolonged the larval stage by 5 d and the pupal stage by 1 d. The number of hemocytes during the 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of the four instars from O. nipae larvae was 6.08 times higher than from B. longissima larvae of the same age. After 24 h of being parasitized by A. hispinarum, the total number of hemocytes and granulocyte proportion of B. longissima larvae increased significantly. However, the total number of hemocytes and plasmatocyte proportion of O. nipae increased significantly after 24, 72, and 96 h, and the proportion of granulocytes increased significantly after 12 h post-parasitism. The results in the present study indicated that A. hispinarum was unable to successfully reproduce offspring in O. nipae, but its spawning behavior had an adverse effect on the larval development of its host. In addition, the adequate number of hemocytes and more pronounced changes in the hemocyte count and hemocyte composition ratio in the larvae after parasitization may be important factors for the successful encapsulation in O. nipae larvae.

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Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Development of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Markers for Analysis of Population Structure and Invasion Pathway in the Coconut Leaf Beetle Brontispa longissima (Gestro) Using Restriction Site-Associated DNA (RAD) Genotyping in Southern China

Development of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Markers for Analysis of Population Structure and Invasion Pathway in the Coconut Leaf Beetle Brontispa longissima (Gestro) Using Restriction Site-Associated DNA (RAD) Genotyping in Southern China

Degree of damage and infestation of coconut leaf beetle Brontispa longissima (Gestro) on seedlings of selected coconut varieties

The Cellular Immunological Responses and Developmental Differences between Two Hosts Parasitized by Asecodes hispinarum

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