A review of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Chile, with the description of two new species

Abstract

All records of the 23 scleractinian species known to occur off Chile are reviewed, including the first records of seven for this coastline. Two species are described as new: Caryophyllia huinayensis and Tethocyathus endesa. Additional specimens of 15 of the 23 species are reported. All Chilean species are azooxanthellate, some occurring as deep as 4195 m; only six species occur at SCUBA depth. Three species are reported for the Juan Fernández Islands. The Chilean scleractinian fauna is considered to be depauperate, consisting of only 3% of the known azooxanthellate species.

New records of deep-water Scleractinia off Argentina and the Falkland Islands

“…Also, it is known only from off New Caledonia (Kitahara, Cairns & Miller 2010). C. kellerae also shows a striking resemblance to C. huinayensis Cairns et al, 2005, known from the closely adjacent southern fjords of Chile but from slightly shallower water (16-256 m); C. huinayensis differs only in having wider S3 than S4 and in having a smaller corallum.…”

Monophyletic origin ofCaryophyllia(Scleractinia, Caryophylliidae), with descriptions of six new species

“…Caryophyllia profunda. -Cairns, 1982: 17-19 (in part: Eltanin-1403 (Marenzeller, 1904), 1043 m; Cocos and Galapagos Islands (Cairns, 1991), 245-806 m; New Zealand (Cairns, 1982;, 660-1200 m; northeastern Atlantic from the Mediterranean to the Azores; Bermuda; Cook Islands (Cairns, 1995), 1585 m; Philippines and Indonesia (Cairns & Zibrowius, 1997), 300-885 m; off southeastern and western Australia (Cairns, 1998;, 600-900 m; Vanuatu (Cairns, 1999), 475-799 m; off northern Pacific from 0 • to 31 • N (Piñón, 1999;González-Romero et al, 2008), 55-2086 m; off northern Chile (Cairns et al, 2005), 1760 m.…”

“…Of those, 38 are only known as fossil records, with the oldest fossil record dating from the Jurassic (about 180 Mya). The other 51 Recent valid genera of this family are ubiquitous through all oceans of the world, being recorded from shallow (Cairns et al, 2005) to deep (Squires, 1959) waters, from coastal Antarctic (Cairns, 1982) to the Arctic Circle (Roberts et al, 2003). Representatives of this family include the largest colonial azooxanthellate species of coral, e.g.…”

Systematic Review of the Flabellidae Family (Scleractinia) of the Pirabas Formation (Lower Miocene), Pará State, Brazil

“…Utilizam-se no presente estudo a nomenclatura morfológica, termos aplicados nas descrições e classificações sistemáticas adotados por Alcock (1902), Wells (1956) e Cairns (1989, 1995, além de outras referências complementares específicas mais atualizadas, tais como Weisbord (1971), Zibrowius (1974), Cairns & Zibrowius (1997) (Wells, 1956, p. F432;Cairns, 1989, p.44).…”

“…Ocorrência: Estados Unidos-Formação Chipola, Mioceno inferior (Weisbord,1971) (Cairns, 1989(Cairns, , 1995Cairns & Zibrowius, 1997;Latypov, 2014;Zibrowius, 1974); Brasil-Formação Pirabas, Mioceno inferior (este trabalho).…”