A review of the science regarding dental unit waterlines

DePaola, Louis G.; Mangan, D F; Mills, Shannon E.; Costerton, William; Barbeau, Jean; Shearer, Brian G.; Bartlett, John A.

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2002.0361

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Biofilm formation along the walls of the fine bore waterlines seemed to be the primary factor responsible for such contamination (26,33). The health hazard to patients of dental unit waterlines exposed to these high levels of bacteria remains a non-resolved issue (11,16). While no apparent widespread nosocomial infections in dental patients have been directly attributed to the water used in dental treatment, concern does center on the exposure to potentially harmful microorganisms of immunocompromised patients or individuals receiving dental treatment while undergoing immunosuppressive chemotherapy (15,26).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from dental office environments and units in Barretos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, and analysis of their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs

Oliveira¹,

Maluta²,

Stella³

et al. 2008

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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A wide variety of opportunistic pathogens has been detected in the tubing supplying water to odontological equipment, in special in the biofilm lining of these tubes. Among these pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections, is frequently found in water lines supplying dental units. In the present work, 160 samples of water, and 200 fomite samples from forty dental units were collected in the city of Barretos, State of São Paulo, Brazil and evaluated between January and July, 2005. Seventy-six P. aeruginosa strains, isolated from the dental environment (5 strains) and water system (71 strains), were tested for susceptibility to six antimicrobial drugs most frequently used against P. aeruginosa infections. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, followed by meropenem was the predominant profile. The need for effective means of reducing the microbial burden within dental unit water lines is emphasized, and the risk of exposure and cross-infection in dental practice, in special when caused by opportunistic pathogens like P. aeruginosa, are highlighted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from dental office environments and units in Barretos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, and analysis of their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs

Oliveira¹,

Maluta²,

Stella³

et al. 2008

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…Many studies demonstrated that the water discharged from DUWLs contains a number of bacteria (4,6,16,17,21,23,24,26,27,29,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37), and pathogenic bacteria such as Legionella, which are virulent to an immunocompromised host, have been reported to be present occasionally (2,18,22). The bacterial outflow from DUWLs has been suggested to be caused by sloughing of bacteria from biofilms which had formed on the surfaces of the water supply tubes (16,23,(32)(33)(34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Inhibitory Effects of Fluoride-Coated Tubes on Biofilm Formation by Using the In Vitro Dental Unit Waterline Biofilm Model

Yabune

Imazato

Ebisu

2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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This study aimed to establish an in vitro model to simulate biofilms formed in dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) and to investigate the ability of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-coated tubes to inhibit biofilm formation using this model. The water and biofilm samples were obtained from DUWLs which had been clinically used for 2.5 years, and the predominant bacteria were identified. A conventional polyurethane tube was incubated for 24 to 96 h in the mixed flora of isolated bacteria, and the optimal incubation conditions to simulate a clinically formed biofilm were determined by observation with a scanning electron microscope. Biofilm formation on a PVDF-coated tube was observed using this in vitro model, and the adherence of different bacterial species to conventional and PVDF-coated tubes was assessed. Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Acinetobacter haemolytics, and Methylobacterium mesophilicum were predominantly isolated from contaminated DUWLs. Incubation of the polyurethane tube with the mixed flora containing these three species for 96 h resulted in the formation of a mature biofilm similar to the one clinically observed. The PVDF-coated tube was significantly less adhesive to all three bacterial species than the polyurethane tube (P < 0.05 by the MannWhitney U test), and the attachment of small amounts of rods was observed even after incubation with the mixed flora for 96 h. In conclusion, an in vitro biofilm model was obtained by using a mixed flora of bacteria isolated from DUWLs, and the PVDF-coated tube was found to be effective in preventing biofilm formation using this model.

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“…This includes antiretraction valve, filtration system and chemical disinfectants [11].From the finding, all the samples have less than 200 cfu/ml except for positive control. This result illustrated that DUWL in FoD USIM correspond to ADA submission by having these three methods mentioned above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Pankhurst stated that most of the microorganism are harmless and cannot cause diseases to human but some of them can be opportunistic pathogens [2]. A study from Depaola et al mentioned that inside the biofilm there are 32 different bacteria, 6 different types of fungi, and 2 types of protozoa have been isolated from dental water [11]. Two reports also stated that most of the bacteria isolated from DUWL are gram negative bacteria which can produce endotoxin such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Microbial Contaminationin Dental Unit Water Line: A Clinical Implication

Aziz¹,

Hasnan²,

Jamil³

et al. 2017

IOSR JDMS

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A review of the science regarding dental unit waterlines

Cited by 49 publications

References 15 publications

Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from dental office environments and units in Barretos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, and analysis of their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs

Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from dental office environments and units in Barretos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, and analysis of their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs

Assessment of Inhibitory Effects of Fluoride-Coated Tubes on Biofilm Formation by Using the In Vitro Dental Unit Waterline Biofilm Model

Study of Microbial Contaminationin Dental Unit Water Line: A Clinical Implication

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