A Review of the research methods and progress of biocompatibility evaluation of root canal sealers

Abstract

The function of root canal sealer was to achieve an appropriate three‐dimensional filling effect by filling the root canal and some irregular lumen, thereby inhibiting the residual bacteria. There were many types of sealers, but research to find the most suitable ones was still ongoing. In recent years, researchers had continuously improved the performance of sealers by developing new sealers or adding active ingredients to the sealers. However, most sealers exhibit varying degrees of cytotoxicity and tissue responses, which affect clinical therapy efficacy. This review describes different technical approaches, and recent research progress in the biocompatibility evaluation of root canal sealers and provides brief insights into this field by summarising the performance studies of different root canal sealers.

Comparative bioactivity and immunomodulatory potential of the new Bioroot Flow and AH Plus Bioceramic sealer: An in vitro study on hPDLSCs

“…Whether cold-based techniques i.e., lateral condensation or single-cone, or techniques involving heat i.e., warm vertical compaction or continuous wave, endodontic sealers may extrude to a variable extent from the apical foramen or accessory canals and into the periodontium [ 2 , 3 ]. Thus, they should at least exhibit an adequate cyto- and biocompatibility, meaning that when placed in contact with surrounding periodontal cells and tissues, respectively, no negative responses nor alterations in their physiological functioning should be expected [ 4 ].…”