A review of the potentiality of biochar technology to abate emissions of particulate matter originating from agriculture

Effects of Varying Rates of Nitrogen and Biochar pH on NH3 Emissions and Agronomic Performance of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis)

“…This observation concurred with the one made by Degaspari et al [19] who indicated that N applied as urea at 180 kg/ha in sugarcane volatilized more NH 3 than both the 60 kg/ha and 120 kg/ha rates which didn't significantly differ statistically. On the other hand, studies by Luyima et al [1,9], Mandal et al [13], and others indicated that biochar amendments greatly reduced NH 3 emissions, findings which concur with the observations made in the present study. Several reasons have been given to account for the reductions in NH 3 emissions from the soil following the application of biochar.…”

“…Particulate matter (PM) partitioning according to its aerodynamic diameters gives rise to three major groups including the coarse PM (PM 10-2.5 ), the fine PM (PM 2.5-0.2 ) and the ultrafine PM (UFPM) which is sometimes called nanoparticulate matter (nPM) (PM < 0.2) [1]. Review studies by Luyima et al [1], Atkinson et al [2] and Anderson et al [3] give elaborate summaries of the adverse effects of PM on human health and environmental quality. Agriculture is a major source of both primary PM and secondary PM precursor gases [1].…”

“…Review studies by Luyima et al [1], Atkinson et al [2] and Anderson et al [3] give elaborate summaries of the adverse effects of PM on human health and environmental quality. Agriculture is a major source of both primary PM and secondary PM precursor gases [1]. Nitrogen fertilizers are a rich source of ammonia (NH 3 ) which undergoes complicated reactions in the atmosphere to form secondary PM.…”

“…It is against this backdrop that this study examined the effects of rice hull biochar pH on NH 3 emissions and the growth and yield of Chinese cabbage. This is important because farmers will be reluctant to use biochar for the abatement of NH 3 if it doesn't provide any agronomic benefits [1]. Chinese cabbage was chosen because it is one of the most important vegetables in South Korea and is mainly used for making kimchi, a fermented side-dish consumed all year around by almost every family.…”

Nutrient Dynamics in Sandy Soil and Leaf Lettuce Following the Application of Urea and Urea-Hydrogen Peroxide Impregnated Co-Pyrolyzed Animal Manure and Bone Meal

“…It is worthy to note, however, that adsorption is a crucial mechanism in the preparation of slow release fertilizers [4], which may explain why the vast majority of the biocharbased fertilizers have been formulated with salts containing charged elements such as ammonium, nitrate, phosphates, K, etc. However, since urea is the most widely used nitrogen fertilizer in the world [15,16], its efficient management (checking its inordinate release into the environment) is of utmost importance for both agricultural productivity and environmental quality [17].…”