A Review of the Potential of Phytochemicals from<i> Prunus africana</i> (Hook f.) Kalkman Stem Bark for Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy of Prostate Cancer

Komakech, Richard; Kang, Young Min; Lee, Jun-Hwan; Omujal, Francis

doi:10.1155/2017/3014019

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In our study, AMF inoculum were produced from AMF spores collected in the rhizosphere soil of P. africana in the natural habitat, and therefore, could be considered as indigenous, whereas NS treatment containing AMF spores, were exotic to P. africana. The bark of Prunus africana has been reported to be used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) [5,6,48] and recently, its potential to be used as Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy of Prostate cancer has been explored [7]. The bark of the tree has also been reported as a control agent for the fungi and bacterial infections [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is an important multipurpose medicinal tree whose bark, stem, roots and leaves have been used traditionally for many decades in Africa [3,4]. Modern use of the bark includes the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) [5,6] and prostate cancer [7]. The pharmaceutical and medicinal properties of P. africana have led to its overexploitation throughout Africa, leading to concerns on the long-term sustainability of harvesting and the conservation of this species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Indigenous and Introduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Phytochemical Content of Vegetatively Propagated Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman Provenances

TCHIECHOUA¹,

Kinyua

Ngumi

et al. 2019

Plants

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Prunus africana bark contains phytochemical compounds used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. It has been shown that this plant establishes association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). AMF are involved in nutrient uptake, which may also affect plant growth and secondary metabolites composition. However, there is no information regarding the role of AMF in the growth and phytochemical content of P. africana. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the response of 8 months old vegetatively propagated P. africana seedlings inoculated with indigenous AMF collected from Mount Cameroon (MC) and Mount Manengumba (MM) in Cameroon, Malava near Kakamega (MK) and Chuka Tharaka-Nithi (CT) in Kenya. Mycorrhizal (frequency, abundance and intensity), growth (height, shoot weight, total weight, number of leaf, leaf surface) and phytochemical (total phenol, tannin and flavonoids) parameters were measured three months after growth of seedlings from two provenances (Muguga and Chuka) with the following inoculation treatments: MK, CT, MC, MM, non-sterilized soil (NS) and sterilized sand as non-inoculated control. Results showed that seedling heights were significantly increased by inoculation and associated with high root colonization (>80%) compared to non-inoculated seedlings. We also found that AMF promoted leaf formation, whereas inoculation did not have any effect on the seedling total weight. AMF inoculum from MM had a higher tannin content, while no significant difference was observed on the total phenol and flavonoid contents due to AMF inoculation. Pearson’s correlation was positive between mycorrhizal parameters and the growth parameters, and negative with phytochemical parameters. This study is the first report on the effect of AMF on the growth and phytochemical in P. africana. Further investigations are necessary to determine the effect of single AMF strains to provide better understanding of the role of AMF on the growth performance and physiology of this important medicinal plant species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Indigenous and Introduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Phytochemical Content of Vegetatively Propagated Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman Provenances

TCHIECHOUA¹,

Kinyua

Ngumi

et al. 2019

Plants

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“…In the review, the data search processes employed by Komakech et al [11] were modified to gather information on herbal plants for malaria treatment in Uganda from peer-reviewed articles in English published in scientific journals and other verifiable databases, with a focus on plant species and families, plant parts used, antimalarial activities of the extracts from herbal plants, and mechanisms of action of novel antimalarial phytochemicals and derivatives. Electronic literature databases such as PubMed, Medline, Scopus, SciFinder, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were carefully searched for suitable information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Antimalarial Herbal Plants across Communities in Uganda Based on Electronic Data

Okello

Kang

2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Malaria is one of the most rampant diseases today not only in Uganda but also throughout Africa. Hence, it needs very close attention as it can be severe, causing many deaths, especially due to the rising prevalence of pathogenic resistance to current antimalarial drugs. The majority of the Ugandan population relies on traditional herbal medicines for various health issues. Thus, herein, we review various plant resources used to treat malaria across communities in Uganda so as to provide comprehensive and valuable ethnobotanical data about these plants. Approximately 182 plant species from 63 different plant families are used for malaria treatment across several communities in Uganda, of which 112 plant species have been investigated for antimalarial activities and 96% of the plant species showing positive results. Some plants showed very strong antimalarial activities and could be investigated further for the identification and validation of potentially therapeutic antimalarial compounds. There is no record of an investigation of antimalarial activity for approximately 39% of the plant species used for malaria treatment, yet these plants could be potential sources for potent antimalarial remedies. Thus, the review provides guidance for areas of further research on potential plant resources that could be sources of compounds with therapeutic properties for the treatment of malaria. Some of the plants were investigated for antimalarial activities, and their efficacy, toxicity, and safety aspects still need to be studied.

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“…The African cherry tree, Prunus africana, possesses very potent antiandrogenic and antiangiogenic properties and has been reported to kill tumor cells via apoptosis, prevent the development of BPH and alter the signaling pathways that are needed to sustain the prostate cancer cells (Komakech et al, 2017). Over 70% of the global supply of the of the bark that is used for pharmaceutical and therapeutic use comes from a small region in Mount Cameroon and is exported and extensive debarking of the trees over many years has led to the declining population of the species (Samndong, 2016).…”

Section: Cameroonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral Reciprocity, Ethics of Appropriation of Indigenous Medicinal Plant Knowledge and Associated Biopiracy

Ambang

Alloggio

Tandlich

2019

Acta Educationis Generalis

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Introduction: Although this paper deals mostly with the positive effects of a posthumanist worldview on environmental sustainability, partnership, or moral accountability in science and scientific research, it also promotes a new understanding of our educational practice in higher education. The ideas espoused have the ability to inspire educators at all levels to show students, future researchers or other professions about the importance of a progressive, holistic approach to our environment. We claim that being sensitive and caring for our environment is not only part of our moral and ethical responsibility, it is an inseparable aspect of our environmental education, our environmental intelligence. This paper discusses posthumanist 1 reciprocity ethics in the context of traditional knowledge (TK) and the protection of indigenous traditional knowledge from commercial exploitation. Methods: Instances of unethical bioprospecting and biopiracy were common throughout the turn of the 21st century and are discussed using cases in countries such as Cameroon, India, South Africa and Australia, where medicinal plant species were, are still a highly sought-after source of potent, pharmacologically active phytochemicals. Results and discussion: The observed increase in regulations against bioprospecting on indigenous land in these countries as a result of intellectual property monopoly by big pharmaceutical companies is discussed in this paper along the lines of a 'humanist vs posthumanist' ontology. Patent exclusivity laws have historically marginalized the proprietary owners of indigenous traditional knowledge, creating a moral

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A Review of the Potential of Phytochemicals from Prunus africana (Hook f.) Kalkman Stem Bark for Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy of Prostate Cancer

Cited by 52 publications

References 51 publications

Effect of Indigenous and Introduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Phytochemical Content of Vegetatively Propagated Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman Provenances

Effect of Indigenous and Introduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Phytochemical Content of Vegetatively Propagated Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman Provenances

Exploring Antimalarial Herbal Plants across Communities in Uganda Based on Electronic Data

Moral Reciprocity, Ethics of Appropriation of Indigenous Medicinal Plant Knowledge and Associated Biopiracy

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