A review of the potential association between childhood leukemia and benzene

Pyatt, David W.; Hays, Sean M.

doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2010.01.002

Cited by 69 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Several studies have investigated whether traffic related pollution is associated with an increased risk of childhood cancer [7][8][9][10][11][12]. The focus has been on leukaemia, and specifically acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), and tumours of the central nervous system (CNS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood cancer and residential exposure to highways: a nationwide cohort study

et al. 2015

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Children living near highways are exposed to higher concentrations of traffic-related carcinogenic pollutants. Several studies reported an increased risk of childhood cancer associated with traffic exposure, but the published evidence is inconclusive. We investigated whether cancer risk is associated with proximity of residence to highways in a nation-wide cohort study including all children aged <16 years from Swiss National Censuses in 1990 and 2000. Cancer incidence was investigated in time to event analyses (1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) using Cox proportional hazards models and incidence density analyses using Poisson regression. Adjustments were made for socio-economic factors, ionising background radiation and electromagnetic fields. In time to event analysis based on 532 cases the adjusted hazard ratio comparing children living <100 m from a highway with unexposed children (≥500 m) was 1.43 (95% CI: 0.79, 2.61). Results were similar in incidence density analysis including 1,367 leukaemia cases (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.25).Associations were similar for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (IRR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.43) and stronger for leukaemia in children aged <5 years (IRR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.22, 3.04). Little evidence of association was found for other tumours. Our study suggests that young children living close to highways are at increased risk of developing leukaemia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood cancer and residential exposure to highways: a nationwide cohort study

et al. 2015

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“…It has been suggested that parents' occupational exposure to mutagenic substances, such as benzene, may increase the risk of cancer in their offspring (Colt and Blair 1998;Pyatt and Hays 2010). Proposed causal pathways include genetic alterations in parental germ cells, particularly of the father's sperm (Anderson et al 2000), trans-placental exposure of the foetus during pregnancy (Anderson et al 2000;Badham et al 2010), or postnatal exposure of the child to substances brought home from the work place (Colt and Blair 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental occupational exposure to benzene and the risk of childhood cancer: A census-based cohort study

Spycher

Lupatsch

Huss

et al. 2017

Environment International

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Background: Previous studies on occupational exposures in parents and cancer risks in their children support a link between solvents and paints with childhood leukaemia. Few studies have focused specifically on benzene.Objectives: To examine whether parental occupational exposure to benzene is associated with an increased cancer risk in a census-based cohort of children.Methods: From a census-based cohort study in Switzerland, we included children aged <16 years at national censuses (1990, 2000). We retrieved parental occupations reported at census and assessed exposure to benzene using a job exposure matrix. We identified incident cancer cases through record linkage with the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry. We fitted Cox proportional-hazards models to assess associations between exposures and the following outcomes: any cancer, leukaemia, acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, CNS tumours, and glioma. We adjusted models for a range of socio-economic, perinatal and environmental factors.Results: Analyses of maternal (paternal) exposure were based on 9.0 (13.2) million person years at risk and included 1004 (1520) diagnoses of cancer, of which 285 (438) had leukaemia, 186 (281) lymphoma, 227 (339) a CNS tumour. Maternal exposure was associated with an increased risk of childhood leukaemia (hazard ratio 1.73, 95% CI 1.12-2.67) and ALL (1.88, 1.16-3.04). We found little evidence of an association for other outcomes or for paternal exposure. Adjusting for potential confounders did not materially affect the results.Conclusions: This nationwide cohort study suggests an increased risk of leukaemia among children whose mothers were exposed to benzene at work. Highlights: A job exposure matrix was used to assess occupational benzene exposure in parents  A higher risk of leukaemia was observed in offspring of exposed mothers  In utero exposure is a plausible explanation for this finding

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“…In addition, the cancer risk level for IMP was close to 1 9 10 -6 , whereas the cancer risk level for BAP was much lower. BZ exposure has often been associated with adverse genetic effects and increased cancer risks (Snyder 2002;Pyatt and Hays 2010). Chronic exposure to BZ can also cause bone marrow depression, which is characterized by leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, and pancytopenia (Snyder 2002).…”

Section: Relationship Of Hap Concentrations With Meteorological Parammentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and long-term temporal assessment of organic hazardous air pollutants and their comparative health risks

Kim

2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This study investigated the spatial and longterm temporal characteristics of 13 selected organic hazardous air pollutants and the health risks associated with inhalation exposure over a recent 6-year period. Regional types selected for this study included a residential-commercial complex, traffic junction, petrochemical industry, iron and metal industry, and background areas in Korea. Toluene was generally the most abundant pollutants in all areas. The petrochemical industrial area had the highest median concentrations of six pollutants (benzene, ethyl benzene, o-xylene, m,p-xylene, styrene, and chloroform), followed by the residential-commercial complex, traffic junction, iron and metal industry, and background area. The residential-commercial complex and traffic junction areas showed the highest and second highest toluene concentrations, respectively. Two pollutants (1,1-dichloroethane and 1,3-butadiene) were present in similar concentrations among the five areas. In addition, the temporal trends in the annual mean concentrations exhibited unpredictable behavior depending on both the area and the type of pollutants. At the residential-commercial complex and traffic junction areas, six aromatic compounds showed significant correlations among themselves. In most cases, three important meteorological parameters (relative humidity, temperature, and wind speed) were not significantly

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A review of the potential association between childhood leukemia and benzene

Cited by 69 publications

References 114 publications

Childhood cancer and residential exposure to highways: a nationwide cohort study

Childhood cancer and residential exposure to highways: a nationwide cohort study

Parental occupational exposure to benzene and the risk of childhood cancer: A census-based cohort study

Spatial and long-term temporal assessment of organic hazardous air pollutants and their comparative health risks

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