A review of the pharmacological and psychopharmacological aspects of smoking and smoking cessation in psychiatric patients

Ko, Haustein; Haffner, Steve M.; Bg, Woodcock

doi:10.5414/cpp40404

Cited by 61 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Among those subjects, women were more likely than men to smoke their first cigarette within 5 min of wakening. In turn, we did not find an association between psychiatric disorders and CPD 20+, although there is evidence in the literature indicating this relationship [43][44][45]. Non-replication of the association could have been caused by several different factors.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Nicotine dependence in an isolated population of Kashubians from North Poland: A population survey

Kita-Milczarska

Siemińska

Jassem

2015

6.3 Tobacco, Smoking Control and Health Education

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Background: Tobacco use is a complex, multistage behaviour. The particular stages of this behaviour, including nicotine dependence (ND), are influenced by both genetics and the environment. Surveys on factors influencing tobacco use and ND, conducted in ethnically homogenous populations, can provide results less influenced by genetic and cultural heterogeneity. We aimed to assess ND in a sample of current smokers, derived from the geographically and culturally isolated population of Kashubians from North Poland, and evaluate its potential association with age, sex, and self-reported comorbidities. In addition, we attempted to replicate -for the first time in this population -previous findings on the association between ND and several variants within the CHRNA5A3-A5-B4 nicotine receptor subunit gene cluster. Methods: The study sample consisted of 969 unrelated subjects who were all current smokers. ND was evaluated using four measures: the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), the Heavy Smoking Index (HSI), the number of cigarettes per day (CPD) and the time to first cigarette after waking (TTF). All subjects underwent genotyping for CHRNA5 rs16969968, CHRNA3 rs578776, and CHRNB4 rs12914008 variants. Multivariate regression analysis was used for the assessment of the studied correlations. A significance level of 0.05 with the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was set for a type 1 error in the analyses. Results: The mean CPD, FTND and HSI scores in the study sample were 17.3 ± 7.7, 3.9 ± 2.3 and 2.6 ± 1.5, respectively. No association between ND defined by FTND, HSI or TTF and age was found. In turn, heavy smoking was significantly associated with older age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-2.59, p = 0.009), and men were more likely than women to be heavy smokers (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.09-2.65, p = 0.018). Chronic comorbidity did not significantly influence ND. An analysis of association of studied polymorphisms with ND showed a borderline association of rs16969968 with CPD (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.09-2.45, p = 0.017). Conclusion: Our study showed a low to moderate level of ND in the Kashubians, influenced by age, sex, as well as the CHRNA5 rs16969968 variant.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Nicotine dependence in an isolated population of Kashubians from North Poland: A population survey

Kita-Milczarska

Siemińska

Jassem

2015

6.3 Tobacco, Smoking Control and Health Education

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“…Smoking inhibits the enzyme monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), which is responsible for the catabolism of several brain neurotransmitters, including dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline (Haustein et al, 2002 …”

Section: Effects Of Smoking On Neurotransmittersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smoking decreases blood serum levels of antipsychotics Smoking increases the metabolism of various antipsychotic medications (Campion et al, 2008, this issue), which may consequently reduce their adverse side-effects (Haustein et al, 2002). There is evidence that smokers on typical antipsychotics smoke less when switched to an atypical with fewer side-effects (McEvoy et al, 1999).…”

Section: Smoking As Self-medication In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Staff and patients may interpret signs of nicotine withdrawal as a worsening of mental health symptoms that requires relief with cigarettes (Lawn & Pols, 2003). However, a review showed that smoke-free policies in psychiatric clinics had no negative effect on mental illness even when it led to withdrawal symptoms (Haustein et al, 2002).…”

Section: Depression and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mental health settings should serve as a model environment in which help is provided for nicotine withdrawal, support is given to smokers wanting to stop, medication is monitored after smoking cessation and weight gain is minimised by encouraging healthy diet and activity. Coupling smoking prohibition with administration of nicotine preparations can be useful in helping smokers to cut down or quit (Haustein et al, 2002). The introduction of complete smoke-free policies in mental health settings will provide such an environment, in which the dangers of active and passive smoking are appropriately highlighted and people with mental health problems given the same access to smoke-free air as the general population.…”

Section: The Need For Model Smoke-free Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smoking by people with mental illness and benefits of smoke-free mental health services

Campion¹,

Checinski²,

Nurse³

et al. 2008

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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Smoking is the largest single cause of preventable illness in the UK. Those with mental health problems smoke significantly more and are therefore at greater risk. The new Health Act (2006) will require mental health facilities in England to be completely smoke-free by 1st July 2008. This article reviews the current literature regarding how smoking affects both the physical and mental well-being of people with mental health problems. It also considers the effects of smoke-free policy in mental health settings.Jonathan Campion is a specialist psychiatry registrar on the St George's Psychiatry Training Scheme in London

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Meeting the challenge of physical comorbidity and unhealthy lifestyles

Burti

Berti

Bonfioli

et al. 2013

Improving Mental Health Care

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A review of the pharmacological and psychopharmacological aspects of smoking and smoking cessation in psychiatric patients

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

Nicotine dependence in an isolated population of Kashubians from North Poland: A population survey

Nicotine dependence in an isolated population of Kashubians from North Poland: A population survey

Smoking by people with mental illness and benefits of smoke-free mental health services

Meeting the challenge of physical comorbidity and unhealthy lifestyles

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