A review of the microbiological quality of bottled water sold in Canada. Part 2. The need for more stringent standards and regulations

Warburton, Donald W.

doi:10.1139/m93-022

Cited by 64 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Entretanto, a ocorrência de distúrbios gastrintestinais seguintes ao consumo destas águas têm focado atenção ao estudo de sua microbiologia [16,27]. Em 1974, em Portugal, água mineral não carbonatada e engarrafada foi considerada o veículo de transmissão de cólera.…”

Section: -Introduçãounclassified

Qualidade microbiológica de águas minerais

́Ana¹,

Silva²,

Farani³

et al. 2003

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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Section: -Introduçãounclassified

Qualidade microbiológica de águas minerais

́Ana¹,

Silva²,

Farani³

et al. 2003

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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“…To reduce the risk of infection in such patients, the infected batches of bottled water must be removed from the market (24,29). The presence of P. aeruginosa is unacceptable because water and food-borne diseases are associated with this opportunistic human pathogen (5,30) and it has an established connection with nosocomial infections (22). P. aeruginosa in bottled water is a risk for people hospitalized in intensive care and neonatal hospital units (24,28,29).…”

Section: Significance Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In Bottled Water In Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Microbiological Quality of Bulgarian Bottled Water in Terms of Its Contamination with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Georgieva

Dimitrova

2016

Cent Eur J Public Health

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SUMMARYBackground: Due to the widespread use of bottled water, it is important from a hygienic point of view to ensure that these products have good quality and meet the requirements set out in regulations.Methods and Results: In the period 2000-2013, a large-scale study (2,500 samples) was carried out on the quality of Bulgarian bottled water as per the microbiological parameters laid down in the European and Bulgarian legislation. Standard microbiological methods were applied. There is strong evidence that the most frequently isolated contaminant in these products was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This agent was found in 274 samples out of a total of 2,500 analysed bottled waters. Because of the absolute prohibition of the presence of this microorganism in the finished product, the manufacturers should not allow their products with compromised quality to reach the market. They are obliged to check the quality of each batch by conducting an internal monitoring of production. When any inconsistencies are established in microbiological parameters, the producers must detect the critical point and apply more effective decontamination measures of the bottling lines. Given the importance of this fact for the health of consumers, the study also included determination of the antimicrobial resistance of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from Bulgarian bottled water. Ten strains of P. aeruginosa, isolated from bottled water and other water habitats in the environment, were tested for the effect of 13 antimicrobial agents by applying the Kirby-Bauer's method.Conclusions: The investigation found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from bottled water are sensitive to Ceftazidime, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Cefepime and one of them is resistant to Meropenem and Piperacillin. Another important conclusion is that there is no specific behaviour of P. aeruginosa strains originating from different sources to the test antimicrobials. The authors consider that drinking tap water is perhaps a more appropriate way for newborns, infants, elderly, and people with compromised immunity to satisfy thirst than using bottled water.

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“…Although natural mineral waters have been consumed since Roman times, only the 20th century has seen the emergence of natural mineral water industry and the drinking of these products on a large scale as an alternative to tap water and non-alcoholic beverages (Stickler, 1989). In recent years, coping with the modern human lifestyle, there has been a tremendous increase in consumers demand for bottled mineral waters worldwide (Warburton, 1993;Venieri et al, 2006), including Saudi Arabia. Recently, more than 90 registered manufacturers providing and packaging drinking water were observed in Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial quality control of domestic and imported brands of bottled water in Saudi Arabia

Hazzani¹

2013

J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci.

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Water is one of the most abundant and essential commodities of man occupying about 70% of the earth's surface and 60% of the human body therefore it should be continuously protected against microbial infections. Also, the mineral content in drinking water should be maintained within the acceptable range. Quality control of drinking water emerged with the invention of bottled drinking water. In this study, samples of bottled drinking water from Saudi markets were compared with tap water samples collected from different areas in Riyadh; both samples were tested for the presence of pathogenic bacteria. The bacterial isolates identified by the Biolog system (Hayward, CA, USA) include Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bottled drinking water, whereas tap water was mainly contaminated by P. aeruginosa. Bacterial contamination was highly observed in tap water samples and higher mineral content, determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was also observed in tap water. Bacterial cell count determined as CFU/ml was observed in bottled drinking water. Decreased water bacterial number was achieved with the solar disinfection system (SODIS) for one day with direct exposure to sunlight in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles. Thus water considered to be consumed by humans must maintain good microbial and mineral qualities within the acceptable ranges and must undergo effective treatment in order to reduce bacterial count and infection.

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A review of the microbiological quality of bottled water sold in Canada. Part 2. The need for more stringent standards and regulations

Cited by 64 publications

References 60 publications

Qualidade microbiológica de águas minerais

Qualidade microbiológica de águas minerais

Study of the Microbiological Quality of Bulgarian Bottled Water in Terms of Its Contamination with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Bacterial quality control of domestic and imported brands of bottled water in Saudi Arabia

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